ATI RN
ATI RN Pediatric Nursing 2023 I Questions
Extract:
The child's guardian states the child has been unable to sleep recently and has been very irritable. Guardian expresses concern about the child's atopic dermatitis worsening and the child scratching excessively, which results in the areas bleeding. Guardian states the child has a history of allergic rhinitis. Assessment: Child is alert and responsive, Respiratory rate even and nonlabored at rate of 24/min. No adventitious sounds auscultated, Heart rate 108/min, Generalized small clusters of reddish, scaly patches with lichenifications and depigmentation on the child's bilateral upper and lower extremities.
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following statements should the nurse plan to include in the discharge instructions for the child's guardian? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: A,B,D,F,G
Rationale:
To provide comprehensive discharge instructions for a child's guardian, the nurse should include the following statements:
A: Cutting and filing the child's fingernails frequently is important to prevent skin damage from scratching.
B: Using a mild detergent for the child's laundry helps prevent skin irritation and allergic reactions.
D: Informing the guardian about occasional flare-ups prepares them for potential exacerbations of the condition.
F: Applying gloves to the child's hands can help protect the lesions from scratching and prevent infection.
G: Applying emollients to the child's skin after bathing helps maintain skin hydration and prevent dryness.
These instructions aim to promote skin health, prevent complications, and manage the child's condition effectively.
Extract:
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is providing teaching to the parents of a child who has impetigo. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Apply bactericidal ointment to lesions. Impetigo is a bacterial skin infection, so applying a bactericidal ointment helps kill the bacteria and promote healing. This instruction directly targets the infection.
Incorrect choices:
B: Administering acyclovir is for viral infections, not bacterial impetigo.
C: Soaking hairbrushes in boiling water is more for lice infestation, not impetigo.
D: Sealing soft toys is unnecessary for impetigo transmission since it is primarily spread through direct contact.
Extract:
School-age child admitted, diagnosed with cystic fibrosis at 3 months of age, has experienced failure to thrive, and has chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The child presents with wheezing, rhonchi, paroxysmal cough, and dyspnea. The parent reports large, frothy, foul-smelling stools. The child has deficient levels of vitamin A, D, E, and K. Barrel-shaped chest, Clubbing of the fingers bilaterally, Respiratory rate 40/min with wheezing and rhonchi noted bilaterally, dyspnea, and paroxysmal cough. Vital Signs: Temperature 38.4° C (101.1° F), Heart rate 100/min, Respiratory rate 40/min, Blood pressure 100/57 mm Hg. Laboratory Results: Sputum culture positive for Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Stool analysis positive for presence of fat and enzymes, Chest x-ray indicates obstructive emphysema, WBC count 20,000/mm3 (5,000 to 10,000/mm3).
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is reviewing the child's medical record. Which of the following medications should the nurse expect the provider to prescribe or reconcile from the child's home medication list? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: A,C,E
Rationale:
Correct Answer: A, C, E
Rationale:
A: Water-soluble vitamins are commonly prescribed or included in a child's home medication list for nutritional support.
C: Dornase alfa is a medication used to help clear mucus in patients with cystic fibrosis, so it would be expected in the child's medication list if they have this condition.
E: Pancreatic lipase is prescribed for children with pancreatic insufficiency to aid in digestion.
Summary of Incorrect
Choices:
B: Acetaminophen is a common over-the-counter pain reliever and fever reducer but may not always be part of a child's regular medication list.
D: Meperidine is a narcotic pain reliever that is not typically prescribed for children due to its potential side effects and risks.
Overall, choices B and D are less likely to be part of a child's routine medication list compared to choices A, C, and E, which are more common in pediatric cases.
Extract:
Nurses' Notes 0930: Parent presents child to provider's office. Parent reports the child has had a fever for 2 days and that the child has cried more than usual. Parent also reports the child has had a decreased appetite for the last 24 hr. Child febrile and lethargic. 0945: Notified provider of parent reports and child's fever. New prescriptions received. 1000: Urine sample obtained via sterile straight catheter. Vital Signs 0930: Temperature 38.4° C (101.1° F), Heart rate 128/min, Respiratory rate 28/min. Diagnostic Results 1030: Urinalysis: Appearance: cloudy and dark amber (clear), Specific gravity 1.035 (1.005 to 1.030), Leukocyte esterase: positive (negative), Nitrites: present (none), WBCS: 10 (0 to 4).
Question 4 of 5
Select words from the choices below to fill in each blank in the following sentence. The child is at risk for developing _______ and ______.
Correct Answer: A,D
Rationale: The correct answer is A (Nephrotic syndrome) and D (Acute glomerulonephritis) because both conditions are common kidney disorders in children. Nephrotic syndrome is characterized by proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, edema, and hyperlipidemia, putting the child at risk for fluid imbalances and infections. Acute glomerulonephritis is an inflammation of the glomeruli causing hematuria, proteinuria, and hypertension, leading to potential renal damage and long-term complications.
Choices B, C, and E are not directly related to the child's risk in the given sentence.
Extract:
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for an 8-year-old child who was recently diagnosed with chronic renal failure. The child's parents ask for information on hemodialysis. Which of the following statements should the nurse make?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Hemodialysis uses an artificial membrane outside the body to clean your child's blood. This is correct because hemodialysis involves the use of a machine that filters the blood through an artificial membrane to remove waste products and excess fluids. This process occurs outside the body and is commonly used for patients with kidney failure.
Choice A is incorrect because hemodialysis does not use the abdominal cavity as a membrane.
Choice B is incorrect because hemodialysis does not involve the use of an electrolyte solution to clean the blood.
Choice D is incorrect because hemodialysis is not a continuous filtration process, but rather a periodic treatment.