ATI RN
ATI RN Pediatric Nursing 2023 II Questions
Extract:
Nurses' Notes: The child's guardian states the child has been unable to sleep recently and has been very irritable. Guardian expresses concern about the child's atopic dermatitis worsening and the child scratching excessively, which results in the areas bleeding. Guardian states the child has a history of allergic rhinitis.
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following statements should the nurse plan to include in the discharge instructions for the child's guardian? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: A,C,D,F,G
Rationale:
Correct
Answer: A, C, D, F, G
Rationale:
A: Cutting and filing the child's fingernails frequently can prevent scratching and further irritation.
C: Applying emollients after bathing helps hydrate and protect the skin, reducing dryness and itching.
D: Using a mild detergent minimizes skin irritation and reduces the risk of exacerbating the condition.
F: Applying gloves to the child's hands can prevent scratching and protect the skin during activities.
G: Informing the guardian about occasional flare-ups prepares them for potential worsening of the condition.
Extract:
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is preparing to assess a 4-year-old child's visual acuity. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Use a tumbling E chart for the assessment. This is because a tumbling E chart is commonly used for testing visual acuity in young children as they may not yet know their letters. The chart consists of the letter 'E' facing in different directions, and the child is asked to point in the direction the 'E' is facing. This method helps assess visual acuity without the child needing to know letters.
A: Assessing both eyes together first, then separately may not be as effective in determining each eye's individual visual acuity.
B: Positioning the child 4.6 meters from the chart is the standard distance for adults, not for testing children's visual acuity.
C: Testing the child without glasses before testing with glasses may not provide an accurate assessment of the child's visual acuity with correction.
Extract:
Nurses' Notes 0930: Parent presents child to provider's office. Parent reports the child has had a fever for 2 days and that the child has cried more than usual. Parent also reports the child has had a decreased appetite for the last 24 hr. Child febrile and lethargic. 0945: Notified provider of parent reports and child's fever. New prescriptions received. 1000: Urine sample obtained via sterile straight catheter.
Question 3 of 5
The child is at risk for developing_____ and _____.
Correct Answer: A,B
Rationale: The correct answer is A and B. The child is at risk for developing pyelonephritis and renal scarring. Pyelonephritis is a bacterial infection of the kidneys commonly seen in children, especially if they have underlying conditions like vesicoureteral reflux. If left untreated, pyelonephritis can lead to renal scarring, which is the deposition of fibrous tissue in the kidneys due to inflammation. This scarring can affect kidney function and potentially lead to long-term complications such as hypertension or chronic kidney disease.
Choices C, D, and E are incorrect because acute glomerulonephritis, polycystic kidney disease, and nephrotic syndrome are different conditions with distinct etiologies and clinical manifestations compared to pyelonephritis and renal scarring. It is important to monitor and manage pyelonephritis in children to prevent complications like renal scarring.
Extract:
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a newly admitted child who has cystic fibrosis. For which of the following members of the interprofessional team should the nurse initiate a referral?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Dietitian. The nurse should initiate a referral to a dietitian for a child with cystic fibrosis to ensure proper nutrition and weight management. Cystic fibrosis can affect the body's ability to absorb nutrients, so a dietitian can help develop a specialized diet plan. Occupational therapist (
B) focuses on daily activities, physical therapist (
D) focuses on mobility, and speech-language pathologist (
C) focuses on communication and swallowing - not directly related to cystic fibrosis nutritional needs.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is teaching the parent of an infant who has a new diagnosis of heart failure about nutrition. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Implement a 3 hr feeding schedule. In heart failure, infants may have difficulty feeding due to shortness of breath and fatigue. Implementing a 3-hour feeding schedule allows for adequate rest between feedings, reducing the risk of overwhelming the infant's cardiovascular system and promoting better feeding efficiency.
Choice A is incorrect because allowing the infant to self soothe by crying prior to feeding can lead to increased stress and may worsen the infant's heart failure symptoms.
Choice B is incorrect as placing the infant in a recumbent position during feeding can increase the workload on the heart and may lead to aspiration or choking.
Choice D is incorrect because allowing the infant 45 minutes for each feeding may lead to fatigue and may not be well tolerated by an infant with heart failure.
In summary,
Choice C is the correct option as it promotes adequate rest and optimal feeding for an infant with heart failure, while the other choices may pose risks or challenges for the infant's