ATI RN
ATI RN Pharmacology Exam 2024 With NGN Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following over-the-counter medications should the nurse identify that the client should discontinue when starting lithium?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Ibuprofen. Ibuprofen is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAI
D) that can increase lithium levels, leading to toxicity. The inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis by NSAIDs reduces lithium clearance. As a result, concurrent use of lithium and ibuprofen should be avoided. Aspirin (choice
A) is not contraindicated with lithium. Famotidine (choice
C) and Bisacodyl (choice
D) do not interact significantly with lithium.
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following medications should the nurse anticipate administering to a client who has taken a large amount of diazepam?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Flumazenil. Flumazenil is a benzodiazepine receptor antagonist used to reverse the effects of benzodiazepine overdose, such as diazepam. It competitively inhibits the actions of benzodiazepines at the receptor sites, reversing sedation and respiratory depression. Ondansetron (
A) is an antiemetic, not indicated for benzodiazepine overdose. Magnesium Sulphate (
B) is used for conditions like pre-eclampsia and asthma, not diazepam overdose. Protamine Sulphate (
D) is used to reverse the anticoagulant effects of heparin, not benzodiazepines.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer medication to a client who has gout. The nurse discovers that an error was made during the previous shift and the client received atenolol instead of allopurinol. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct action for the nurse to take first is to obtain the client's blood pressure (
Choice
A). This is important because atenolol is a beta-blocker used for high blood pressure, and if the client received it in error, their blood pressure may be affected. Monitoring the blood pressure can help assess the client's current condition and any potential adverse effects from the medication error. Contacting the client's provider (
Choice
B) should be done after assessing the client's condition. Informing the charge nurse (
Choice
C) and completing an incident report (
Choice
D) are important steps but should follow the immediate assessment of the client's condition.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is ready to begin the blood transfusion. For each potential nursing action, click to specify if the action is indicated or not indicated for the client. Nursing Action: Document the blood product transfusion in the client's medical record.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Indicated. Documenting the blood product transfusion in the client's medical record is crucial for ensuring accurate and comprehensive patient care. Documentation provides a permanent record of the procedure, including details such as the type and volume of blood product transfused, vital signs before and after the transfusion, any signs of adverse reactions, and the client's response to the transfusion. This information is essential for tracking the client's progress, monitoring for any potential complications, and communicating effectively with other healthcare providers involved in the client's care. Failure to document the blood transfusion could lead to errors in treatment, potential legal issues, and compromise the quality of care provided to the client.
Summary:
B: Not indicated - Incorrect. Documenting the blood transfusion is essential for patient safety and continuity of care.
C: -
D: -
E: -
F: -
G: -
Question 5 of 5
Which of the following medications puts the client at risk for developing hearing loss?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Gentamicin. Gentamicin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic known to cause ototoxicity, leading to hearing loss and balance issues. It damages the hair cells in the inner ear responsible for transmitting sound signals to the brain. Rifampin (
A), Ciprofloxacin (
B), and Penicillin G (
C) are not associated with ototoxicity. In summary, Gentamicin is the only medication listed that poses a risk of hearing loss due to its ototoxic effects on the inner ear.