ATI RN
ATI RN Pharmacology Exam 2024 With NGN Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following medications puts the client at risk for developing hearing loss?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Gentamicin. Gentamicin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic known to cause ototoxicity, leading to hearing loss and balance issues. It damages the hair cells in the inner ear responsible for transmitting sound signals to the brain. Rifampin (
A), Ciprofloxacin (
B), and Penicillin G (
C) are not associated with ototoxicity. In summary, Gentamicin is the only medication listed that poses a risk of hearing loss due to its ototoxic effects on the inner ear.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is teaching a client about cyclobenzaprinWhich of the following client statements should indicate to the nurse that the teaching about cyclobenzaprine was effective?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale:
Correct Answer: C - "I will taper off the medication before discontinuing it."
Rationale: Tapering off cyclobenzaprine is important to prevent withdrawal symptoms due to its muscle relaxant properties. Abruptly stopping the medication can lead to rebound muscle spasms and other adverse effects.
Therefore, the client's statement of tapering off the medication before discontinuing it indicates understanding of the proper way to stop taking cyclobenzaprine.
Summary of other choices:
A: Increased saliva production is not a common side effect of cyclobenzaprine.
B: Continuing the medication until the rash disappears is not relevant to cyclobenzaprine use.
D: Reporting urinary incontinence is important but not specifically related to the teaching about cyclobenzaprine.
Question 3 of 5
Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan of care for a client who has hypertension and is to start taking metoprolol?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Determine apical pulse prior to administering. Metoprolol is a beta-blocker that can cause bradycardia as a side effect. By assessing the client's apical pulse before administering the medication, the nurse can monitor for any signs of bradycardia and adjust the dosage if necessary. Weighing the client weekly (choice
A) is not directly related to metoprolol administration. Administering the medication before breakfast (choice
C) may be a general recommendation for some medications but is not specific to metoprolol. Monitoring for jaundice (choice
D) is not a common side effect of metoprolol.
Question 4 of 5
Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching for a school-age child with a new prescription for a fluticasone metered-dose inhaler? (Select all that apply)
Correct Answer: E
Rationale: The correct answer is E: Rinse your child's mouth following administration. Fluticasone, a corticosteroid inhaler, can cause oral thrush as a side effect. Rinsing the mouth after inhaler use helps reduce the risk of developing thrush. This is important to include in teaching to ensure the child's safety and adherence to proper medication administration.
Choice A is incorrect because soaking the inhaler in water can damage the device.
Choice B is incorrect as fluticasone should be taken regularly as prescribed, not just as needed for shortness of breath.
Choice C is incorrect as shaking the inhaler is not necessary for a metered-dose inhaler.
Choice D is incorrect because while a spacer can be beneficial for some inhalers, it is not specifically mentioned for fluticasone inhalers in this scenario.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client after administering a second dose of cefazolin IV. The nurse notes the client has anxiety, hypotension. and dyspneWhich of the following medications should the nurse administer first?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Epinephrine. Epinephrine is a potent vasoconstrictor and bronchodilator, which helps reverse hypotension and dyspnea, potentially caused by an allergic reaction to cefazolin. Administering epinephrine first is crucial to address the life-threatening symptoms. Diphenhydramine (choice
A) is an antihistamine that can help with itching but is not as urgent. Albuterol inhaler (choice
B) treats bronchospasm but doesn't address hypotension. Prednisone (choice
D) is a corticosteroid that may be used later for inflammation but is not the first-line treatment for acute symptoms.