ATI RN
ATI RN Pediatric Nursing 2023 Questions
Extract:
A nurse is providing teaching to the parents of a child who has impetigo.
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Apply bactericidal ointment to lesions. This instruction is crucial for preventing bacterial infection in lesions. B: Administering acyclovir treats viral infections, not bacterial. C: Boiling hairbrushes is for preventing head lice, not for treating lesions. D: Sealing toys is for managing scabies, not lesions. E, F, G: Irrelevant to lesion care.
Extract:
A nurse in an emergency department is caring for a preschool-age child who has acute acetylsalicylic acid poisoning.
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The nurse should expect hyperpyrexia (extremely high fever) because it indicates a severe infection or inflammatory response in the body. This is a critical sign that requires immediate intervention to prevent complications. Neck vein distention (
A) could indicate fluid overload, polyuria (
B) is excessive urination which may be present in conditions like diabetes, and jaundice (
C) is a sign of liver dysfunction. These symptoms are not directly related to a severe infection or inflammatory response, unlike hyperpyrexia.
Extract:
Infant was full-term at birth. Birth weight was 3.5 kg (7.7 lb). Infant is not gaining weight as expected. One week ago at outpatient visit, weight was 3.6 kg (7.9 lb). Parent reports for past 2 days infant is breathing faster during feedings and does not finish feedings. Parent also reports decreased appetite and puffiness around the infant's eyes. Parent states that the last wet diaper was about 10 hr ago. Infant admitted for diagnostic evaluation, failure to thrive, and nutritional/fluid support. Vital Signs Admission: Temperature 37.7° C (99.9° F), Heart rate 174/min while sleeping, Respiratory rate 72/min while sleeping. Assessment: Respirations: Tachypneic with moderate retractions and nasal flaring. Upon auscultation, crackles heard in all lung fields. No nasal drainage noted. Dry cough noted periodically. Skin: Pallor, scalp is diaphoretic, lower extremities are cool to touch. Cardiac: Tachycardic, regular rhythm, no murmur is heard. Peripheral pulses are full and bounding in the upper extremities and weak bilateral pedal pulses are noted. Fluids: Mucous membranes are slightly dry and pink. Skin turgor is slightly decreased. Capillary refill is 3 seconds. Noted periorbital edema and nonpitting edema of feet. Anterior fontanel is soft and slightly depressed. Diaper remains dry. Abdomen: Soft, full, round, bowel sounds are present and active. Blood pressure in right upper extremity 60/39 mm Hg, Oxygen saturation 90%. Laboratory Results: Chest x-ray: mild left ventricular hypertrophy is noted. Increased pulmonary vascular markings are noted in all lobes.
Question 3 of 5
Specify what condition the client is most likely experiencing, 2 actions the nurse should take to address that condition, and 2 parameters the nurse should monitor to assess the client's progress.
Action to Take
Potential Condition
Parameter to Monitor
Correct Answer: C (Condition), A,B (Actions), B,C (Parameters)
Rationale: Action to Take: A, B; Potential Condition: C; Parameter to Monitor: B, C.
The client is most likely experiencing respiratory synctial virus bronchiolitis. The actions to take include monitoring respiratory status and providing chest physiotherapy. The potential condition to monitor is the presence of periorbital edema. Monitoring intake and output and the number of steatorrhea stools would help assess the client's progress.
Extract:
A nurse is planning to administer diphenhydramine 1.25 mg/kg IV to a school-age child who weighs 55 lb. Available is diphenhydramine 50 mg/mL.
Question 4 of 5
How many ml should the nurse administer? (Round the answer to the nearest tenth. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)
Correct Answer: 0.6
Rationale:
Rationale:
To determine how many ml the nurse should administer, we need to follow the rounding rules provided. The answer is 0.6 because when rounding to the nearest tenth, 0.55 rounds down to 0.5, and then when rounded to the nearest whole number, 0.5 rounds down to 0. Thus, the correct answer is 0.6 ml.
Summary:
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Choice A: Incorrect as it does not align with the rounding rules.
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Choices B to G: Incorrect as they do not follow the correct rounding procedure to determine the nearest tenth.
Extract:
Parent presents child to provider's office. Parent reports the child has had a fever for 2 days and that the child has cried more than usual. Parent also reports the child has had a decreased appetite for the last 24 hr. Child febrile and lethargic. Notified provider of parent reports and child's fever. New prescriptions received. Urine sample obtained via sterile straight catheter. Vital Signs 0930: Temperature 38.4° C (101.1° F), Heart rate 128/min, Respiratory rate 28/min. Diagnostic Results 1030: Urinalysis: Appearance: cloudy and dark amber (clear), Specific gravity 1.035 (1.005 to 1.030), Leukocyte esterase: positive (negative), Nitrites: present (none), WBCS: 10 (0 to 4).
Question 5 of 5
The child is at risk for developing________ and ______.
Correct Answer: B,E
Rationale: The correct answer is B,E. The child is at risk for renal scarring (
B) due to repeated episodes of pyelonephritis (E). Pyelonephritis is a bacterial infection in the kidneys that, if left untreated or recurrent, can lead to scarring of the renal tissue. Renal scarring can impair kidney function and increase the risk of long-term complications. Nephrotic syndrome (
A) is a kidney disorder characterized by heavy proteinuria and edema, not directly related to the risk factors mentioned. Polycystic kidney disease (
C) is a genetic disorder leading to the formation of cysts in the kidneys, not typically associated with the child's risk factors. Acute glomerulonephritis (
D) is an inflammation of the kidney's filtering units, usually caused by infections, autoimmune diseases, or medications, not directly related to the child's risk factors.