ATI RN
ATI RN Pediatrics Nursing 2023 I Questions
Extract:
A nurse is teaching a parent of a 4-month-old infant who has developmental dysplasia of the hip and is prescribed a Pavlik harness.
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following instructions on the use of a Pavlik harness should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Place the diaper under the straps. Placing the diaper under the straps helps prevent skin irritation and chafing by creating a barrier between the straps and the baby's skin. This instruction promotes skin integrity and comfort for the infant.
Explanation for why the other choices are incorrect:
A: Avoid massaging the skin under the straps - Massaging the skin under the straps could cause discomfort and potentially disrupt the proper positioning of the harness.
B: Use lotion on the skin under the harness - Lotions can interfere with the harness's effectiveness and may cause slippage. It is best to avoid using lotions under the harness.
C: Adjust the harness straps weekly - The straps of the Pavlik harness need to be regularly adjusted as per the healthcare provider's instructions, not necessarily weekly.
Overall, choice D is the correct instruction for ensuring the safety and comfort of the infant while using the Pavlik harness.
Extract:
A nurse is reinforcing the provider's explanation about treatment options to the parents of a 1-month-old who has coarctation of the aorta.
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following statements should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
Step 1: Surgical repair is the recommended treatment for infants younger than 6 months old because it addresses the underlying issue causing the obstruction, ensuring proper functioning of the affected organ.
Step 2: Medication like indomethacin may be used in certain cases, but it is not the primary treatment for infants with this condition.
Step 3: Heart transplant is a drastic measure and not typically the first-line treatment for infants with obstruction issues.
Step 4: Most cases resolving spontaneously without treatment by 12 months is not a reliable approach as it may lead to complications and delays in appropriate management.
Summary:
Choice B is the correct answer as it aligns with the standard of care for infants with obstructions, while the other choices offer less effective or inappropriate treatment options.
Extract:
A nurse is preparing to insert a peripheral intravenous (IV) catheter for a preschooler.
Question 3 of 5
Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct action is C: Apply vapocoolant spray before the IV insertion. This helps numb the area, reducing pain during catheter placement. Asking the child to hold their breath (
A) is unnecessary and may cause anxiety. Explaining the procedure (
B) is important but does not directly impact pain management. Placing the IV in the dominant arm (
D) is not recommended as it may restrict movement post-insertion.
Extract:
Vital Signs 1405: Temperature 38° C (100.4° F), Heart rate 96/min, Respiratory rate 18/min, Blood pressure 104/72 mm Hg, Oxygen saturation 98% on room air; Laboratory Results 1430: C-reactive protein 3.2 mg/dL (<1.0 mg/dL), Albumin 3.4 g/dL (3.5 to 5.0 g/dL), Hemoglobin 11 g/dL (10 to 15.5 g/dL), Hematocrit 33% (32% to 44%), RBC count 4.0 x 10°/μL (4.0 to 5.5 x 10/μL), WBC count 13,000/mm3 (5,000 to 10,000/mm3), Platelets 275,000/mm3 (150,000 to 400,000/mm3), Potassium 3.5 mEq/L (3.4 to 4.7 mEq/L), Magnesium 1.4 mEq/L (1.4 to 1.7 mEq/L), Total calcium 9.0 mg/dL (8.8 to 10.8 mg/dL); Stool: Positive for occult blood (negative), Positive for leukocytes 4/high-power field (<2/high-power field), Negative for helicobacter pylori (negative)
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for an adolescent in the emergency department (ED). Complete the diagram by dragging from the choices below to specify what condition the client is most likely experiencing, 2 actions the nurse should take to address that condition, and 2 parameters the nurse should monitor to assess the client's progress.
Action to Take
Potential Condition
Parameter to Monitor
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Action to Take: Gluten-free diet, Record intake; Potential Condition: Crohn's disease; Parameter to Monitor: Albumin, Hemoglobin. Crohn's disease is a chronic inflammatory condition affecting the gastrointestinal tract, requiring a gluten-free diet and careful monitoring of nutrient intake to manage symptoms and prevent malnutrition. Monitoring albumin and hemoglobin levels helps assess the client's nutritional status and response to treatment. The other choices are incorrect because they do not align with the characteristic features of Crohn's disease, such as gluten sensitivity and the need for meticulous dietary management. The actions and parameters in the correct answer are specific to Crohn's disease, making it the most appropriate choice for the scenario presented.
Extract:
A nurse is caring for an 8-month-old infant who has received a bolus of IV fluid for hypovolemic shock.
Question 5 of 5
Which of the following findings indicates the treatment was effective?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because a capillary refill time of 2 seconds indicates adequate tissue perfusion, which is a positive response to treatment.
Choice A (fever) indicates ongoing infection, B (sunken fontanel) suggests dehydration, and C (tachycardia) can indicate stress or inadequate cardiac output.