ATI RN
ATI RN Pediatrics Nursing 2023 I Questions
Extract:
A nurse in a clinic is assessing an infant who has diarrhea, is lethargic, and has dry skin.
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following findings indicates moderate dehydration?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Capillary refill 3 seconds. In moderate dehydration, decreased circulating blood volume leads to delayed capillary refill time. This occurs because of reduced blood flow to the peripheries. A capillary refill time of 3 seconds indicates moderate dehydration.
Choice A (Decreased respiratory rate) is incorrect as it is more commonly associated with severe dehydration.
Choice B (Bulging anterior fontanel) is a sign of increased intracranial pressure, which is seen in severe dehydration.
Choice C (Mottled skin) is typically seen in shock or severe dehydration, not moderate dehydration.
In summary, the other choices are incorrect because they represent more severe signs of dehydration compared to the delayed capillary refill time of 3 seconds, which is indicative of moderate dehydration.
Extract:
Vital Signs 0900: Temperature 37° C (98.6° F), Heart rate 90/min, Respiratory rate 22/min, Blood pressure 110/70 mm Hg, Oxygen saturation 96% on room air; 1000: Temperature 37.3°C (99.7° F), Heart rate 98/min, Respiratory rate 25/min, Blood pressure 120/74 mm Hg, Oxygen saturation 96% on room air; Laboratory Results 1000: WBC count 9,500/mm3 (5,000 to 10,000/mm3), Hgb 9 g/dL (10 to 15.5 g/dL), Hct 18% (32% to 44%), Platelets 450,000/mm3 (150,000 to 400,000/mm3); Nurses' Notes 0900: Child admitted to unit in vaso-occlusive crisis. Child reports pain in the right knee as 7 on a scale of 0 to 10. Right knee is swollen and warm to the touch. Pulses are +2 and capillary refill 2 seconds in all extremities. 1000: Notified provider regarding laboratory results. Child reports pain in the right knee is now 10 on a scale of 0 to 10.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a 12-year-old client who has sickle cell disease. Complete the following sentence by using the lists of options: The nurse should anticipate a provider prescription for ___ due to the child's ___.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: IV hydromorphone due to pain. In sickle cell disease, vaso-occlusive pain crises are common due to the blockage of blood flow by sickled red blood cells. IV hydromorphone is a potent opioid analgesic used to manage severe pain in such crises. IV fluids (option
B) may be necessary to prevent dehydration, but it is not the primary intervention for pain management in sickle cell disease. Acetaminophen (option
C) is used for fever, which is not the main concern in this case. Oxygen (option
D) may be needed in cases of acute chest syndrome but is not the first-line treatment for pain in sickle cell crisis.
Extract:
A nurse is assessing a child who has bacterial pneumonia.
Question 3 of 5
Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as a potential risk for aspiration?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Neurological deficit. Neurological deficits can impair the ability to protect the airway and coordinate swallowing, increasing the risk of aspiration. Elevated temperature (
A) does not directly indicate aspiration risk. Inspiratory wheezing (
C) suggests airway narrowing but not necessarily aspiration risk. Rapid respirations (
D) can be a sign of respiratory distress, but not specifically aspiration risk.
Extract:
A nurse is performing a physical assessment for a 13-year-old adolescent.
Question 4 of 5
Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because having the child bend forward at the waist and checking for asymmetry of the scapula is a specific action related to assessing for scoliosis. This position helps in identifying any irregularities in the alignment of the spine. Option B is incorrect as auscultating the abdomen for bowel sounds is unrelated to the scenario. Option C, using the FACES scale, is more applicable for assessing pain intensity, not for assessing scoliosis. Option D, observing abdominal movement for respiratory rate, is also not relevant to the assessment of scoliosis.
Extract:
A nurse is caring for a toddler who received radiation therapy 2 years ago for a brain tumor.
Question 5 of 5
Which of the following should the nurse identify as a late adverse effect of the radiation therapy?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Short stature. Late adverse effects of radiation therapy typically manifest months to years after treatment. Radiation can affect bones and inhibit growth, leading to short stature. Mucosal ulceration (
A) and desquamation (
C) are early side effects, while nausea (
B) is a common acute side effect.
Therefore, they are not considered late adverse effects.
Choice E, F, and G are not provided.