ATI RN
ATI RN Pediatrics Nursing 2023 I Questions
Extract:
A nurse is performing a dressing change for a child and notices that the gauze dressing is adhering to the wound bed.
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Saturate the gauze dressing with sterile saline solution prior to removing it. This action helps prevent the dressing from sticking to the wound, minimizing trauma and pain during removal. Saturating the dressing with saline also helps maintain a moist wound environment, which is conducive to healing.
A: Applying firm pressure can cause trauma to the wound and disrupt the healing process.
B: Irrigating with hydrogen peroxide can be too harsh and may damage healthy tissue.
C: Pulling the dressing parallel to the skin can lead to unnecessary pain and potential damage to the wound bed.
Extract:
A nurse is assessing a school-age child who is receiving IV fluids to treat dehydration.
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following findings should indicate to the nurse that the fluid replacement therapy has been effective?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Capillary refill less than 2 seconds. This finding indicates effective fluid replacement therapy as it shows improved peripheral perfusion. A quick capillary refill time suggests that blood flow to the peripheral tissues is adequate, indicating proper circulation and hydration status. This is a direct and reliable indicator of fluid balance restoration.
Incorrect choices:
B: Elevated potassium levels indicate potential electrolyte imbalance, not fluid status.
C: Voiding less than 1 mL/kg/hr suggests inadequate renal perfusion, not necessarily improved fluid replacement.
D: Tachycardia can be a sign of hypovolemia or dehydration, not necessarily an indicator of effective fluid replacement.
Extract:
A nurse in a clinic is assessing an infant who has diarrhea, is lethargic, and has dry skin.
Question 3 of 5
Which of the following findings indicates moderate dehydration?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Capillary refill 3 seconds. In moderate dehydration, decreased circulating blood volume leads to delayed capillary refill time. This occurs because of reduced blood flow to the peripheries. A capillary refill time of 3 seconds indicates moderate dehydration.
Choice A (Decreased respiratory rate) is incorrect as it is more commonly associated with severe dehydration.
Choice B (Bulging anterior fontanel) is a sign of increased intracranial pressure, which is seen in severe dehydration.
Choice C (Mottled skin) is typically seen in shock or severe dehydration, not moderate dehydration.
In summary, the other choices are incorrect because they represent more severe signs of dehydration compared to the delayed capillary refill time of 3 seconds, which is indicative of moderate dehydration.
Extract:
A nurse is caring for a child who is to receive the first dose of IV gentamicin.
Question 4 of 5
Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Maintain strict I&O. This is essential to monitor the patient's fluid balance accurately, crucial in preventing complications such as dehydration or fluid overload. Monitoring intake and output helps assess renal function and fluid status.
Choices A, C, and D are incorrect. A - Monitoring for constipation is important but not the priority in this scenario. C - Initiating airborne precautions is not relevant to maintaining fluid balance. D - Encouraging bed rest is not appropriate without knowing the patient's condition, as some patients may need mobility for circulation and respiratory function.
Extract:
A nurse is providing teaching to the guardian of a school-age child who has acute diarrhea.
Question 5 of 5
Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Administer oral hydration solution after each diarrheal stool. This instruction is crucial to prevent dehydration caused by diarrhea. Oral rehydration solutions help replace lost fluids and electrolytes.
Choice A is incorrect as broth alone may not provide adequate electrolyte replacement.
Choice B is incorrect as carbonated beverages can worsen diarrhea.
Choice C is incorrect as the BRAT diet is outdated and may lack necessary nutrients.