ATI RN
RN ATI Pediatric Nursing Exam (70 NGN Questions with Answers) Questions
Extract:
A nurse is caring for a school-age child who is having a tonic-clonic seizure.
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct action is D: Time the episode. By timing the episode, the nurse can gather important data to assess the duration and severity of the situation, aiding in diagnosis and treatment planning. Administering chlorothiazide (
A) without assessing the situation first could be harmful. Holding the child down (
B) may escalate the situation and cause distress. Placing the child in a prone position (
C) could worsen their condition. Timing the episode (
D) is essential for accurate evaluation.
Extract:
A nurse is caring for a 6-week-old infant. History and Physical
Infant was full-term at birth. Birth weight was 3.5 kg (7.7 lb). Infant is not gaining weight as expected. One week ago at outpatient visit, weight was 3.6 kg (7.9 lb).
Parent reports for past 2 days infant is breathing faster during feedings and does not finish feedings. Parent also reports decreased appetite and puffiness around the infant's eyes. Parent states that the last wet diaper was about 10 hr ago. Infant admitted for diagnostic evaluation, failure to thrive, and nutritional/fluid support.
Vital Signs Admission:
Temperature 37.7° C (99.9° F) Heart rate 174/min while sleeping Respiratory rate 72/min while sleeping
Assessment:
Admission:
Respirations: Tachypneic with moderate retractions and nasal flaring. Upon auscultation, crackles heard in all lung fields. No nasal drainage noted. Dry cough noted periodically. Skin: Pallor, scalp is diaphoretic, lower extremities are cool to touch.
Cardiac: Tachycardic, regular rhythm, no murmur is heard. Peripheral pulses are full and bounding in the upper extremities and weak bilateral pedal pulses are noted.
Fluids: Mucous membranes are slightly dry and pink. Skin turgor is slightly decreased. Capillary refill is 3 seconds. Noted periorbital edema and nonpitting edema of feet.
Anterior fontanel is soft and slightly depressed. Diaper remains dry. Abdomen: Soft, full, round, bowel sounds are present and active.
Blood pressure in right upper extremity 60/39 mm Hg Oxygen saturation 90% Laboratory Results
Admission:
Chest x-ray: mild left ventricular hypertrophy is noted. Increased pulmonary vascular markings are noted in all lobes.
Question 2 of 5
Specify 2 parameters the nurse should monitor to assess the client's progress.
Correct Answer: B,C
Rationale: The correct parameters for the nurse to monitor to assess the client's progress are intake and output (
B) and respiratory status (
C). Monitoring intake and output is crucial to assess fluid balance and kidney function. Changes in these values can indicate dehydration or fluid overload. Respiratory status should be monitored to assess oxygenation and ventilation, which are essential for tissue perfusion and overall health.
The incorrect choices are A, D, E, F, and G. A (Number of steatorrhea stools) is not directly related to assessing overall client progress. D (Presence of periorbital edema) may be indicative of fluid retention but is not as direct as intake and output monitoring.
Choices E, F, and G are not provided, thus not applicable to the question.
Extract:
A nurse is assessing a child for scabies.
Question 3 of 5
Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as a manifestation of scabies?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Maculopapular skin burrows on the hand. Scabies is caused by the Sarcoptes scabiei mite, which burrows into the skin, causing characteristic burrows that appear as thin, wavy, and slightly raised grayish-white or skin-colored lines. These burrows are commonly found on the hands, fingers, wrists, and interdigital spaces. Scaly lesions on the inner thighs (
A) are more indicative of fungal infections. Rash with red macular lesions on the scalp (
B) is more suggestive of conditions like seborrheic dermatitis or psoriasis. A bull's eye edematous area on the groin (
C) is more characteristic of Lyme disease. In summary, the presence of maculopapular skin burrows on the hand is a key manifestation of scabies, differentiating it from the other options provided.
Extract:
A nurse is caring for an adolescent who is admitted with a vaso-occlusive crisis.
History and Physical
A 15-year-old adolescent is admitted for a vaso-occlusive crisis. The parent reports that the adolescent has a low-grade fever and has vomited for 3 days. The adolescent reports
having right- sided and low back pain. They also report hands and right knee are painful and swollen. The client reports pain as 8 on a scale of 0 to 10.
Vital Signs
Temperature 37.8° C (100° F) Heart rate 100/min
Blood pressure 110/72 mm Hg Respiratory rate 20/min Oxygen saturation 95% on room air
Assessment
Awake, alert, and oriented x 3
Yellow sclera of eyes noted bilaterally
Right upper quadrant tender to palpation Hands painful to touch and swollen bilaterally
Right knee is swollen, warm to palpation, and the client reports pain as 8 on a scale of 0 to 10.
Client is tearful and grimacing during the examination.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is planning care for the adolescent. Select the 5 interventions the nurse should include.
Correct Answer: B,C,E,F,H
Rationale: The correct interventions for the adolescent are B, C, E, F, and H. Administering folic acid (
B) is important for growth and development. Monitoring oxygen saturation (
C) ensures respiratory function. Applying cold compresses (E) helps reduce inflammation in affected joints. Administering meperidine IV (F) addresses pain management. The rationale for excluding other choices: A is irrelevant for adolescent care, D may worsen joint symptoms, and G is incomplete.
Extract:
A nurse in a family practice clinic is assessing a preschool-age child who recently experienced the death of a sibling.
Question 5 of 5
Which of the following reactions is an age-appropriate response to death?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because it reflects a common and age-appropriate response to death in children. Curiosity about what happened to the body is natural as children try to make sense of the concept of death. It shows a child's attempt to understand the physical aspect of death without fully grasping its emotional implications.
Choices A, C, and D are incorrect. A is incorrect because children often struggle with understanding death as permanent. C is incorrect because logical explanations for death usually come later in development. D is incorrect because children typically do not feel responsible for a sibling's death at a young age.