ATI RN
ATI RN Pharmacology Exam 2024 With NGN Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 4
Which of the following actions should the nurse take when observing infiltration of fluid into the tissue surrounding an IV insertion site?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Elevate the extremity. Elevating the extremity helps to reduce swelling and minimize further infiltration of fluid into the surrounding tissue. By elevating the extremity, gravity assists in draining the fluid away from the IV site. This action helps to prevent tissue damage and potential complications.
Incorrect choices:
A: Flushing the IV catheter will not address the infiltration and may worsen the situation.
B: Applying pressure to the IV site can further damage the tissue and exacerbate the infiltration.
D: Slowing the infusion rate may not prevent further infiltration and does not address the existing issue effectively.
Question 2 of 4
A nurse is preparing to administer medication to a client who has gout. The nurse discovers that an error was made during the previous shift and the client received atenolol instead of allopurinol.Which of the following actions should the nurse take first when discovering a medication error in which atenolol was given instead of allopurinol to a client with gout?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct action for the nurse to take first in this situation is to obtain the client's blood pressure (
Choice
A). This is important because atenolol is a beta-blocker that can lower blood pressure, and giving it to a client with gout instead of allopurinol can potentially result in adverse effects or exacerbate the underlying condition. By obtaining the client's blood pressure, the nurse can assess if there have been any significant changes since the administration of the incorrect medication. This immediate assessment allows the nurse to monitor for any potential adverse effects and take appropriate action if necessary. Contacting the client's provider (
Choice
B) would be important, but assessing the immediate impact on the client's health by checking the blood pressure takes precedence. Informing the charge nurse (
Choice
C) and completing an incident report (
Choice
D) are important steps to take after addressing the immediate health concern of the client.
Question 3 of 4
A nurse is teaching a client about cyclobenzaprinWhich of the following client statements should indicate to the nurse that the teaching about cyclobenzaprine was effective?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale:
Correct
Answer: C. "I will taper off the medication before discontinuing it."
Rationale: Tapering off cyclobenzaprine is important to prevent withdrawal symptoms due to its muscle relaxant properties. Abruptly stopping the medication can lead to adverse effects. This statement indicates understanding of proper medication management.
Incorrect
Choices:
A: Increased saliva production is not a common side effect of cyclobenzaprine.
B: Continuing the medication until the rash disappears is not relevant to cyclobenzaprine.
D: Reporting urinary incontinence is important but not specifically related to cyclobenzaprine teaching.
Question 4 of 4
Which of the following findings is the best indication that morphine has been effective?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because the client rating pain as 3 on a scale from 0 to 10 indicates that the morphine has effectively reduced their pain. This is a direct measure of the drug's efficacy.
Choice A is not a specific indicator of pain relief.
Choice B could mean the client is tolerating the pain, not necessarily that the medication is effective.
Choice C is subjective and doesn't provide concrete evidence of pain relief.
Question 5 of 4
A nurse is assessing a client after administering a second dose of cefazolin IV. The nurse notes the client has anxiety, hypotension. and dyspneWhich of the following medications should the nurse administer first?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Epinephrine. Epinephrine is the first-line treatment for anaphylaxis, which can present with symptoms such as anxiety, hypotension, and dyspnea following administration of a medication like cefazolin. Epinephrine acts quickly to reverse the severe allergic reaction by constricting blood vessels, increasing blood pressure, and opening up the airways to improve breathing. Diphenhydramine (
A) is an antihistamine that can be used as an adjunct therapy but is not the first choice in an acute anaphylactic reaction. Albuterol inhaler (
B) is used for bronchodilation in asthma, not for managing anaphylaxis. Prednisone (
D) is a corticosteroid that may be used later in the treatment process to prevent a late-phase reaction but is not the initial treatment for anaphylaxis.