ATI RN
ATI RN Pharmacology Exam 2024 With NGN Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following actions of sucralfate should the nurse include in the teaching for a client who is to start a new prescription for sucralfate for peptic ulcer disease?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Forms a protective barrier over ulcers. Sucralfate works by forming a protective barrier over ulcers, providing a physical barrier against acid, pepsin, and bile salts. This helps to promote healing and relieve symptoms of peptic ulcer disease.
Choice A is incorrect because sucralfate does not directly decrease stomach acid secretion like proton pump inhibitors.
Choice B is incorrect because sucralfate does not neutralize acids in the stomach like antacids.
Choice D is incorrect because sucralfate does not treat ulcers by eradicating H. pylori bacteria like antibiotics.
Therefore, the nurse should emphasize to the client that sucralfate works by forming a protective barrier over ulcers to aid in healing.
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following findings should indicate to the nurse that the ondansetron has been effective?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Client reports a decrease in nausea. Ondansetron is an antiemetic medication commonly used to treat nausea and vomiting.
Therefore, a decrease in nausea is the expected outcome.
Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because ondansetron specifically targets nausea and vomiting, not pain, coughing, or diarrhea. It is important for the nurse to monitor the client's response to the medication to ensure its effectiveness in managing the intended symptoms.
Question 3 of 5
Which of the following medication prescriptions should the nurse identify as being complete?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Digoxin 0.25 mg PO daily. This prescription is complete because it includes the medication name (Digoxin), dose (0.25 mg), route (PO for orally), and frequency (daily). The dose is specific, and the frequency is clear.
Choice A (Tetracycline) lacks frequency information.
Choice B (Epoetin alfa) lacks route and frequency details.
Choice D (Cimetidine) lacks dose and frequency specifics.
Therefore,
Choice C is the only complete prescription as it includes all necessary information for safe and accurate administration.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client after administering a second dose of cefazolin IV. The nurse notes the client has anxiety, hypotension, and dyspneWhich of the following medications should the nurse administer first?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Epinephrine. Epinephrine is the first-line medication for anaphylaxis, which is a severe allergic reaction that can present with symptoms such as anxiety, hypotension, and difficulty breathing. Administering epinephrine promptly can help reverse these symptoms by constricting blood vessels, increasing heart rate, and opening up airways, thus improving blood pressure and breathing. Diphenhydramine (
A) is an antihistamine that can be used as an adjunct therapy but is not the first-line treatment for anaphylaxis. Albuterol inhaler (
B) is used for bronchospasm and would not address the hypotension. Prednisone (
D) is a corticosteroid that is used for its anti-inflammatory effects but is not the first choice for acute anaphylaxis.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is teaching a client about the prescribed medication. Which of the following statements should the nurse include when teaching the client about the prescribed medication? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: A, B, E,F
Rationale: The correct statements to include when teaching the client about the prescribed medication are A, B, E, and F.
A: The medication can cause nausea - It is important for the client to be aware of potential side effects like nausea so they can be prepared and report any concerns to their healthcare provider.
B: So take with a meal - Taking the medication with a meal can help reduce the risk of stomach upset or other gastrointestinal side effects.
E: Consumption of a high-protein meal can reduce the effectiveness of the medication - This is important information for the client to ensure they are taking the medication as prescribed for optimal effectiveness.
F: You may initially notice an increase in involuntary movements - This alerts the client to a possible side effect they may experience and should report to their healthcare provider.
The other choices are incorrect because they do not provide essential information about the medication or its potential side effects. C, D, and G are not necessary for the client to know in relation to the prescribed medication.