ATI RN
RN ATI Pediatric Proctored Exam 2023 with NGN Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
Which is the most accurate genetic explanation for a family with hemophilia?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: It is an X-linked recessive disorder. Hemophilia is caused by a mutation in genes located on the X chromosome. Males inherit the disorder from their mothers, as they only inherit one X chromosome. Females can be carriers if they inherit one mutated X chromosome. Autosomal recessive disorders (choice
B) require both parents to pass on the mutated gene. Hemophilia is not equally distributed among males and females (choice
C) because males are more likely to exhibit symptoms. Y-linked disorders (choice
D) are inherited only by males and are passed from father to son.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a baby that may have sickle cell disease. Which of the following tests should be performed to distinguish sickle cell trait from sickle cell disease?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Hemoglobin electrophoresis. This test is used to distinguish sickle cell trait from sickle cell disease by separating different types of hemoglobin based on their electrical charge. Sickle cell trait will show a different hemoglobin pattern compared to sickle cell disease.
B: Sickle solubility test is not specific enough to differentiate between sickle cell trait and disease.
C: Complete Blood Count (CB
C) provides general information about blood cells but does not specifically differentiate between sickle cell trait and disease.
D: International Normalized Ratio (INR) is used to monitor blood clotting and is not relevant for distinguishing sickle cell trait from disease.
Question 3 of 5
The doctor has ordered Synthroid 75 mcg oral daily. The available Synthroid is 0.15 mg tablets. How many tablets will the nurse administer?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: 0.5 tablet.
To determine the number of tablets needed, convert 75 mcg to mg by dividing by 1000 (75 mcg = 0.075 mg).
Then, divide the prescribed dose (0.075 mg) by the tablet strength (0.15 mg) to find the number of tablets needed (0.075 mg / 0.15 mg = 0.5 tablet). This calculation ensures the patient receives the correct dosage.
Choice A is incorrect as it does not account for the tablet strength.
Choices C and D are incorrect as they result in a higher dose than prescribed.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse caring for an adolescent patient with a diagnosis of goiter knows that goiter is most often caused by?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Hashimoto Disease. Goiter is most commonly caused by Hashimoto Disease, which is an autoimmune condition where the body attacks the thyroid gland, leading to inflammation and enlargement of the gland. This results in the development of a goiter. Kawasaki's disease (
A), Takayasu Disease (
B), and Matsuzaki Disease (
C) are not typically associated with the development of goiter. A summary of why the other choices are incorrect: A is a systemic vasculitis, B is a type of vasculitis involving the aorta and its main branches, and C is a fictional disease.
Question 5 of 5
A six-year-old is scheduled for a cardiac catheterization. Preoperative teaching should be:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because preoperative teaching for a six-year-old undergoing cardiac catheterization should be adapted to the patient's development level. This is crucial as it ensures the information is communicated in a way that the child can comprehend and reduces anxiety. Providing information at the appropriate developmental stage helps the child feel more prepared and less fearful.
Choice A is incorrect as children as young as six can understand basic concepts with appropriate communication techniques.
Choice B may overwhelm the child with unnecessary details.
Choice C is incorrect because waiting too long to provide information may increase anxiety.