ATI RN
RN ATI Pediatric Proctored Exam 2023 with NGN Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
Which is the correct positioning of a child experiencing epistaxis:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct positioning for a child experiencing epistaxis (nosebleed) is option D: the child should sit up and lean forward. This position helps prevent blood from flowing down the throat, reducing the risk of choking or aspiration. Sitting up also helps to reduce blood pressure in the vessels of the nose, aiding in the clotting process. Placing the child in a prone position (option
A) can lead to blood flowing down the throat, causing potential airway obstruction. Placing the child in a supine position (option
B) can also lead to blood going down the throat and may increase the risk of aspiration. Sitting with the head tilted back (option
C) is not recommended as it can lead to blood running down the back of the throat and potentially into the airway.
Therefore, option D is the correct choice for managing epistaxis in a child.
Question 2 of 5
A 36 pound almost 3-year-old arrives to the ED with dehydration. The provider orders an IV fluid bolus, 15 ml/kg over 30 minutes. How many ml will the nurse administer?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: 246 ml.
To calculate the IV fluid bolus amount, first, we need to determine the child's weight in kilograms: 36 lbs ÷ 2.2 = 16.36 kg. Next, multiply the weight in kg by the ordered dose of 15 ml/kg: 16.36 kg x 15 ml/kg = 245.4 ml. Since it is recommended to round up in pediatric dosing, the nurse will administer 246 ml.
Choice A is incorrect as it underestimates the dose.
Choices C and D are incorrect as they overestimate the dose.
Question 3 of 5
While caring for a hospitalized child, which of the following signs would lead the nurse to suspect the child has diabetes insipidus?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Increased urination. Diabetes insipidus is characterized by excessive urination (polyuria) due to the inability of the kidneys to concentrate urine. This leads to a large volume of dilute urine being produced. The other options are not indicative of diabetes insipidus. Fruity breath (
B) is a sign of diabetic ketoacidosis, not diabetes insipidus. Weight gain (
C) is not a typical symptom of diabetes insipidus, as patients may even experience weight loss due to dehydration. Slurred speech (
D) is not directly related to diabetes insipidus.
Question 4 of 5
When caring for a patient with Syndrome of inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone Secretion (SIADH), the nurse would expect her patient to exhibit the following clinical signs and symptoms (Select all that apply):
Correct Answer: A,B,C
Rationale:
Step-by-step rationale:
A: Fluid retention - In SIADH, there is excessive ADH secretion leading to water retention and dilutional hyponatremia.
B: Hypotonicity - Due to water retention, serum osmolality decreases leading to hypotonicity.
C: Anorexia - SIADH can cause nausea, vomiting, and anorexia due to hyponatremia and cerebral edema.
Incorrect choices:
D: Frequent urination - SIADH causes water retention, leading to decreased urine output, not frequent urination.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a newborn whose mother was taking methadone during her pregnancy, which of the following findings indicates the newborn is experiencing withdrawal?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Hypertonicity. Newborns exposed to opioids in utero often exhibit symptoms of withdrawal, known as Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome (NAS). Hypertonicity, or increased muscle tone, is a common sign of NAS. This occurs due to the withdrawal effects of methadone on the central nervous system. Bulging fontanels (
A) are not typically associated with NAS. Acrocyanosis (
B) is a common finding in newborns and not specific to NAS. Bradycardia (
C) refers to a slow heart rate and is not a typical sign of NAS.