Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Suction the oral and nasal passages. This intervention is crucial to maintain a clear airway for the infant, especially in emergency situations where there may be a risk of airway obstruction. Suctioning helps to remove any secretions or foreign objects that could compromise the infant's breathing. Turning the infant onto the right side (choice
A) may help with drainage but does not directly address airway clearance. Giving oxygen by positive pressure (choice
C) may be necessary but should not be the immediate priority if the airway is obstructed. Stimulating the infant to cry (choice
D) is not as critical as ensuring a patent airway.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Pupils reactive to accommodation. This finding indicates normal pupillary response to changes in focus, which is an important neurological assessment. It shows the integrity of the oculomotor nerve and brain pathways involved in pupillary reflexes.
Choice A is incorrect as it refers to a different pupillary response.
Choice B is incorrect as nystagmus is unrelated to pupillary response.
Choice D is incorrect as peripheral vision is not assessed through pupillary reaction.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct recommendation is to refer to the dermatologist for prescribed long-term therapy (
Choice
D). This is the most appropriate action as the individual likely has a skin condition that requires professional evaluation and treatment. Referring to a dermatologist ensures specialized care tailored to the specific skin issue, leading to more effective and lasting results.

Choice A is incorrect because washing the hair and skin daily with mild soap and warm water may not address the underlying skin condition.

Choice B is irrelevant as omitting chocolate, carbonated drinks, and fried foods from the diet is not a standard treatment for most skin conditions.

Choice C is not advisable as expressing blackheads and using exfoliating scrub without professional guidance can worsen the condition.
In summary, referring to a dermatologist for prescribed long-term therapy is the best course of action for proper diagnosis and treatment of the skin issue.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Never scratch under the cast. Scratching under the cast can lead to skin breakdown, infection, or injury. The cast provides protection to the healing area, and scratching can compromise this protection. It is crucial for the PN to emphasize this point to the client to prevent complications. Applying a cold pack (
A) may help with swelling but is not the priority here. Keeping the left leg in a dependent position (
B) is not necessary for all clients. Expecting an increase in pain (
C) may not apply to all cases and can cause unnecessary worry.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Swimming. Swimming is a recommended sport for a child with hemophilia due to its low risk of injury and the gentle nature of the activity. Hemophilia causes impaired blood clotting, making high-contact sports like basketball, soccer, and gymnastics risky. Swimming is a non-contact sport that helps improve cardiovascular health and muscle strength without putting the child at a high risk of bleeding or injury.
Therefore, it is the safest option for the child with hemophilia.

Choices A, B, and C involve more physical contact and higher risk of injury, making them unsuitable for a child with hemophilia.