ATI RN
ATI RN Adult Medical Surgical 2023 Questions Correct Answers Questions
Extract:
Client reports tightness in chest radiating to the left arm.
Pain level: 7/10. Feels nauseous after breakfast.
Client states: 'I had scrambled eggs and bacon like I do every morning.'
Symptoms: Diaphoresis, shortness of breath, irregular and tachycardic heart rate.
Neurological Status: Alert and oriented to person, place, and time.
Lung Sounds: Clear in all lobes.
Bowel Sounds: Present in all 4 quadrants.
Peripheral Circulation: +1 pedal pulses, skin cool to touch, capillary refill <2 seconds.
Vital Signs (1000 Hours)
Temperature: 37.1°C (98.8°F). Heart Rate: 110/min, irregular. Respiratory Rate: 24/min. Blood Pressure: 164/80 mmHg. Oxygen Saturation: 93% on room air
Vital Signs (1015 Hours)
Temperature: 36.7°C (98.2°F). Heart Rate: 120/min, irregular. Respiratory Rate: 22/min. Blood Pressure: 176/82 mmHg. Oxygen Saturation: 89% on room air.
Diagnostic Results
Myoglobin: 100 mcg/L (high, normal <90 mcg/L), Creatine kinase: 180 units/L (normal, 55-170 units/L), Troponin T: 0.40 ng/mL (high, normal <0.1 ng/mL), Troponin I: 0.35 ng/mL (high, normal <0.03 ng/mL), Cholesterol: 244 mg/dL (high, normal <200 mg/dL), Triglycerides: 180 mg/dL (normal, 40-160 mg/dL), LDL: 148 mg/dL (high, normal <130 mg/dL), HDL: 42 mg/dL (good, normal >45 mg/dL), C-reactive protein: 2 mg/L (high, normal <1.0 mg/L), Blood glucose: 103 mg/dL (normal, 74-106 mg/dL), EKG: Tachycardia with ST segment elevation & T wave changes, Chest X-ray: Lungs clear in all lobes.
Provider's Prescriptions - 1020:
Nitroglycerin 0.5 mg SL every 5 min up to 3 doses for chest pain
Aspirin 160 mg PO daily - Morphine 6 mg IV bolus every 3 hr PRN pain
Metoprolol 25 mg PO every 6 hrs x 48 hrs, then 100 mg PO twice daily
Initiate IV site - 0.9% saline at 50 mL/hr IV infusion
Oxygen at 2 L/min via nasal cannula if oxygen saturation <90%
Schedule stat echocardiogram
Follow-up (1200 Hours)
Pain now 5/10 after two doses of nitroglycerin. Breathing easier with oxygen at 2L/min via nasal cannula.
Question 1 of 5
Which findings indicate the client's condition has improved? (Select all that apply)
Correct Answer: A, B
Rationale: The correct answers are A and B. Pain level indicates the client's subjective improvement, while respiratory rate reflects their physiological status. Pain reduction suggests improved comfort and possibly better overall health, while a decrease in respiratory rate may indicate improved oxygenation and reduced stress.
Choices C, D, E, F, and G are not directly linked to the client's overall condition improvement as they can vary for several reasons, independent of the client's actual health status.
Extract:
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as a contraindication to receiving this alternative therapy?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Lymphedema. Lymphedema is a swelling caused by a lymphatic system blockage, which can be worsened by some alternative therapies. Headaches, mouth sores, and urticaria are symptoms that may not necessarily contraindicate alternative therapy. Lymphedema can cause complications if not managed properly, making it a clear contraindication.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client who has COPD. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Consume a diet that is high in calories. Patients with COPD often have increased energy needs due to the increased work of breathing. Providing a high-calorie diet helps maintain energy levels and prevent weight loss.
Choice B is incorrect because adequate hydration is crucial to help thin mucus and make it easier to clear from the airways.
Choice C is incorrect as strenuous exercise can exacerbate COPD symptoms; moderate exercise is recommended.
Choice D is incorrect because carbohydrates are an essential energy source and reducing intake can lead to increased fatigue in COPD patients.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has a contusion of the brainstem and reports thirst. The client's urinary output was 4,000 mL over the past 24 hr. The nurse should anticipate a prescription for which of the following IV medications?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Desmopressin. The client with a contusion of the brainstem and increased urinary output of 4,000 mL in 24 hrs is likely experiencing diabetes insipidus (DI), which is characterized by excessive urination and thirst. Desmopressin is a synthetic form of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) that helps reduce urine production and control thirst in DI. Nitroprusside (
A) is a vasodilator used to treat hypertensive emergencies, not related to DI. Furosemide (
B) is a loop diuretic that increases urine output and would worsen the client's condition. Epinephrine (
C) is a sympathomimetic drug used in emergencies like anaphylaxis, not for DI.
Therefore, Desmopressin is the most appropriate choice to address the client's symptoms.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is completing discharge teaching with a client who has a new diagnosis of AIDS. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale:
1. Using alcohol to wipe up areas soiled with body fluids helps to disinfect the surfaces, reducing the risk of infection spread.
2. Immediately disposing of the trash containing body fluids prevents further exposure to infectious materials.
3. This statement demonstrates understanding of infection control measures crucial for someone with AIDS.
Incorrect
Choices:
A: Increasing fresh fruits and vegetables is a healthy choice but not directly related to preventing infection spread in the context of AIDS.
B: Taking clothes to the dry cleaners for sterilization is unnecessary and does not address infection control.
C: Wearing gloves and washing hands when changing a cat's litter box is a good hygiene practice but not specific to preventing transmission of HIV.