ATI RN
RN ATI Pediatric Proctored Exam 2023 with NGN Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
Which explanation regarding cardiac catheterization is appropriate for a preschool child?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because preschool children may not fully understand the importance of keeping still after cardiac catheterization. Keeping the leg straight helps prevent bleeding at the insertion site.
Choice A is incorrect as postural drainage is not related to cardiac catheterization.
Choice B is incorrect as sedation, not complete sleep, is usually used.
Choice C is incorrect as the procedure can take longer than an hour.
Question 2 of 5
A 36 pound almost 3-year-old arrives to the ED with dehydration. The provider orders an IV fluid bolus, 15 ml/kg over 30 minutes. How many ml will the nurse administer?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: 246 ml.
To calculate the IV fluid bolus amount, first, we need to determine the child's weight in kilograms: 36 lbs ÷ 2.2 = 16.36 kg. Next, multiply the weight in kg by the ordered dose of 15 ml/kg: 16.36 kg x 15 ml/kg = 245.4 ml. Since it is recommended to round up in pediatric dosing, the nurse will administer 246 ml.
Choice A is incorrect as it underestimates the dose.
Choices C and D are incorrect as they overestimate the dose.
Question 3 of 5
When instructing the parents of a toddler with iron deficiency anemia about the importance of increasing iron in the toddler's diet, which of the following foods should the nurse instruct the parents to include in the toddler's diet?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Dried fruits. Dried fruits are a good source of iron, which is essential for treating iron deficiency anemia in toddlers. They provide a concentrated amount of iron in a small serving size, making them convenient for toddlers. Pasta (
A) does not contain significant amounts of iron. Vitamin D milk (
B) is important for bone health but does not provide a substantial amount of iron. Green leafy vegetables (
D) are a good source of iron, but they may be harder for toddlers to eat compared to dried fruits.
Question 4 of 5
Which is the most definitive diagnosis of leukemia?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: A bone marrow biopsy will show an infiltrate of blast cells. A bone marrow biopsy is the gold standard for diagnosing leukemia as it provides direct visualization of the bone marrow cells. In leukemia, there is an abnormal proliferation of immature cells called blast cells.
Therefore, the presence of blast cells in the bone marrow biopsy confirms the diagnosis.
A: A detailed history may provide valuable information, but it is not definitive for diagnosing leukemia.
B: A lumbar puncture is more relevant for diagnosing central nervous system involvement in leukemia, not for confirming the diagnosis itself.
C: A CBC with differential can show abnormalities in blood cell counts, but it does not provide direct visualization of blast cells in the bone marrow.
E, F, G: No additional options provided.
In summary, the most definitive diagnosis of leukemia is confirmed through a bone marrow biopsy, which directly shows the presence of blast cells, distinguishing it from the other choices.
Question 5 of 5
A child being administered a new medication displays signs of an adverse drug reaction. The nurse would expect treatment of the reaction to include (Select all that apply):
Correct Answer: B,C,D
Rationale: The correct answer is B, C, and D. Discontinuing the drug is essential to stop the adverse reaction. Administering antihistamines helps manage symptoms like itching and hives. Corticosteroids can reduce inflammation and allergic responses caused by the reaction. Antibiotics (choice
A) are not indicated unless there is a specific infection requiring treatment. No other choices were provided, but it's crucial to focus on stopping the offending drug, managing symptoms, and addressing inflammation in the case of an adverse drug reaction.