ATI RN
ATI n269 Med Surg Comprehensive Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
Which assessment finding would the nurse expect from a patient with left-sided heart failure?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Pulmonary congestion is a hallmark of left-sided heart failure. When the left ventricle fails to pump effectively, blood backs up into the lungs, causing symptoms like shortness of breath, crackles, and fluid accumulation in the lungs.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for an adolescent client who has a long history of diabetes mellitus and is being admitted to the emergency department confused, flushed, and with an acetone odor on the breath. Diabetic ketoacidosis is suspected. The nurse should anticipate using which of the following types of insulin to treat this client?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Regular insulin is the preferred choice for treating diabetic ketoacidosis. It is a short-acting insulin that can be administered intravenously to rapidly lower blood glucose levels and correct the metabolic acidosis associated with DKA.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who receives furosemide to treat heart failure. Which of the following laboratory values should the nurse monitor for this client due to this medication?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Potassium is the primary laboratory value to monitor when a client is on furosemide, a loop diuretic. Furosemide increases the excretion of potassium, which can lead to hypokalemia. This can cause serious cardiac and muscular complications, so regular monitoring of potassium levels is crucial.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who had a left hip arthroplasty. Which of the following interventions should the nurse use to prevent dislocation?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Maintaining a foam wedge between the legs is the most effective intervention to prevent hip dislocation. The wedge keeps the hips in proper alignment and prevents excessive internal rotation or adduction, which are common causes of dislocation after hip arthroplasty.
Question 5 of 5
A client who has a history of myocardial infarction (MI) is prescribed aspirin 325 mg. The nurse recognizes that the aspirin is given due to which of the following actions of the medication?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Aspirin acts as an antiplatelet aggregate, which is its key action in preventing the formation of blood clots. This is crucial for patients with a history of MI, as it helps reduce the risk of further clot-related events, such as a recurrent MI or stroke.