ATI RN
RN ATI Pediatric Proctored Exam 2023 with NGN Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
Which actions by the school nurse is important in the prevention of rheumatic fever?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Refer children with sore throats for throat cultures. This is important in preventing rheumatic fever as it helps identify and treat streptococcal infections promptly, which can lead to rheumatic fever if left untreated. Encouraging routine cholesterol screenings (
A) and conducting routine blood pressure screenings (
B) are not directly related to preventing rheumatic fever. Recommending aspirin instead of acetaminophen (
D) can actually be harmful in children with viral infections, increasing the risk of Reye's syndrome.
Question 2 of 5
To help the adolescent deal with diabetes, the nurse must consider which developmental characteristic of adolescence?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Need to be perfect and similar to peers. During adolescence, individuals often have a strong desire to fit in and be accepted by their peers, leading to a need to conform and be similar to their peers. This characteristic is important to consider when helping an adolescent deal with diabetes as it may impact their adherence to treatment and management of their condition.
Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because while adolescents may have a desire to be unique or preoccupied with the future, these characteristics are not specifically related to managing diabetes. Additionally, the need to make peers aware of hypoglycemic reactions may not be the most effective or appropriate way to manage the condition.
Question 3 of 5
The emergency room nurse is caring for a patient with severe burns knows that the priority immediate intervention is which of the following?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Stop the burning process. This is the priority immediate intervention for a patient with severe burns because stopping the burning process helps prevent further tissue damage. It involves removing the patient from the source of the burn, extinguishing any flames, and cooling the burn with water. This action is crucial in minimizing the extent of the injury and improving outcomes.
A: Covering the burns to prevent infection is important but not the immediate priority.
B: Providing anti-inflammatory medication can be considered later but is not the primary immediate intervention.
D: Providing anti-cyanide medication is not relevant for severe burns.
Question 4 of 5
A 15-year-old with type 1 diabetes mellitus presents with a fever and 48-hour history of vomiting. As the nurse, you note the child's breath has a fruity odour, his breathing is deep and rapid, and mom states he has become less arousable. You recognize these are the signs of:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DK
A). The fruity odor of breath, deep and rapid breathing (Kussmaul breathing), and altered mental status are classic signs of DKA. In DKA, the body produces excess ketones due to lack of insulin, leading to metabolic acidosis. Acute Hypoglycemia (
A) presents with low blood sugar levels, not high as in DKA. Hyperglycemia (
C) is a general term for high blood sugar without the specific ketone production seen in DKA. Polydipsia (
D) refers to excessive thirst, not the symptoms described in the scenario.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is providing discharge teaching to the parents of a toddler who has cystic fibrosis. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Perform chest percussion and postural drainage at least twice daily. This is crucial in managing cystic fibrosis as it helps to loosen and clear mucus from the lungs. Chest percussion and postural drainage can improve lung function and reduce the risk of respiratory infections. Restricting intake of foods that contain gluten (
B) is not necessary for cystic fibrosis. Administering pancreatic enzymes on an empty stomach (
C) is important but not the priority in this case. Using a nebulizer to administer a bronchodilator following airway clearance therapy (
D) is helpful but not as essential as chest percussion and postural drainage.