ATI RN
ATI Advanced Pharmacology Final Exam I Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
When taking a medication history on a patient, why should the nurse ask about complementary or alternative therapies?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because many complementary or alternative therapies can interact with prescribed medications, leading to serious adverse effects or reduced efficacy. By asking about these therapies, the nurse can identify potential interactions and prevent harm to the patient.
Choice B is incorrect because natural products can also have interactions and may not always be more effective.
Choice C is irrelevant to the question as it pertains to medication adherence, not interactions.
Choice D focuses on cost, which is not directly related to the potential harm from interactions.
Question 2 of 5
A patient is diagnosed as having elevated cholesterol level. The nurse is aware that plaque on the inner lumen of arteries begins as what?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Fatty streaks. Fatty streaks are the earliest visible signs of atherosclerosis and are primarily composed of lipid-laden macrophages within the arterial wall. Platelets and fibrin (
A) are involved in clot formation, not the initial stages of plaque formation. White blood cells (
C) and foam cells (
D) are involved in the later stages of atherosclerosis. The other choices are irrelevant to the initial development of plaque.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse evaluates the effects of warfarin by monitoring what lab test?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Prothrombin time (PT) and international normalized ratio (INR). Warfarin is an anticoagulant medication that works by inhibiting vitamin K-dependent clotting factors. Monitoring PT and INR levels helps assess the effectiveness and safety of warfarin therapy. PT measures the time it takes for blood to clot, while INR standardizes PT results. Platelet count (
A) assesses clot formation ability, not warfarin effects. APT (
B) primarily evaluates the intrinsic pathway of coagulation. RBC count (
C) measures oxygen-carrying capacity, unrelated to warfarin effects.
Question 4 of 5
When involved in phase III drug evaluation studies, what responsibilities would the nurse have?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because in phase III drug evaluation studies, nurses are responsible for monitoring and observing patients closely for any adverse effects of the experimental drug. This is crucial to ensure patient safety and to gather data on the drug's efficacy and safety profile. Nurses play a key role in identifying and reporting any adverse reactions promptly.
Choice A is incorrect as nurses do not work with animals in drug evaluation studies.
Choice B is incorrect as conducting research to determine drug effectiveness is typically done by researchers and physicians, not nurses.
Choice D is incorrect as choosing appropriate patients for the study is usually the responsibility of the study's principal investigator or a designated research team.
Question 5 of 5
A patient who experiences motion sickness when flying asks the nurse the best time to take the medication prescribed to prevent motion sickness for a flight. The nurse will instruct the patient to take the medication at what time?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: At 0700 before leaving for the airport. Taking the medication at 0700 allows for sufficient time for the medication to be absorbed and reach peak effectiveness before the flight. This timing ensures that the patient is protected from motion sickness throughout the entire duration of the flight.
Choice A is not ideal as waiting until the first sign of nausea may lead to inadequate prevention.
Choices B and C do not provide ample time for the medication to take effect before flight.