ATI RN
ATI N 144 Exam 1 Fundamental Concepts for Nursing Practice Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
When shown an Amsler grid,the client reports seeing wavy distorted lines. The client also states his center of vision is dark and he has no sense of depth perception. The nurse suspects the client has which of the following conditions?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Macular degeneration affects the macula causing distorted vision dark spots and central vision loss which align with the client’s symptoms on the Amsler grid. Cataracts cause blurred vision glaucoma affects peripheral vision and retinal detachment causes flashes or curtain-like vision loss not matching the described symptoms.
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following clients has a modifiable risk factor for osteoporosis?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Juanita who smokes two packs of cigarettes a day has a modifiable risk factor for osteoporosis. Smoking is a lifestyle factor that can be changed or controlled. Smoking increases the risk of osteoporosis by reducing the blood supply to the bones decreasing the absorption of calcium and lowering the levels of estrogen which protects the bones. Exercise (William) is beneficial not a risk. Family history (Samantha) and menopause (
Tori) are non-modifiable factors.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is collecting data from a client who has open-angle glaucoma. Which of the following symptoms should the nurse expect the patient to report?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Gradual loss of peripheral vision is characteristic of open-angle glaucoma due to blocked drainage angles increasing intraocular pressure and damaging the optic nerve. Central vision loss is typical of macular degeneration sudden headache and nausea indicate acute angle-closure glaucoma and cloudy vision suggests cataracts.
Question 4 of 5
A client presents in the emergency room with a penetrating eye injury. The object is still present in the eye. Which nursing action is priority?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Stabilizing the object is the priority nursing action for a penetrating eye injury. Stabilizing the object prevents further damage to the eye structures and reduces the risk of infection and bleeding. The nurse should use a protective shield or cup to cover the eye and secure the object in place and avoid applying any pressure or movement to the eye. Applying anesthetic drops removing the object or using ointment could worsen the injury and are not initial priorities.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is teaching a client about foods and beverages that can cause diarrhea. Which of the following should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Prunes are high in sorbitol and insoluble fiber which can cause diarrhea by drawing water into the colon and increasing stool bulk. White rice ripe bananas and low-fiber cereal are bland or binding foods that help reduce diarrhea.