ATI RN
RN ATI Pediatric Proctored Exam 2023 with NGN Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
When should children with cognitive impairments be referred for stimulation and educational programs?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: As young as possible. Early intervention for children with cognitive impairments is crucial for optimal development. Early stimulation and educational programs can significantly improve outcomes. The brain's plasticity is highest in early childhood, making it the most effective time for interventions. Waiting until age 3 or 5 (choices C and
D) may lead to missed opportunities for crucial development.
Choice B limits the intervention to verbal communication, overlooking other important areas.
Therefore, referring children as young as possible (choice
A) is the best approach to ensure they receive the necessary support and resources early on.
Question 2 of 5
A mother brings her child into the pediatrician's office for a follow up appointment and voices concern that her child has started urinating more frequently and is constantly hungry and thirsty. The nurse suspects:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Diabetes mellitus. The symptoms of increased urination, hunger, and thirst are classic signs of diabetes mellitus. In diabetes, the body cannot properly regulate blood sugar levels, leading to excessive urination (as the body tries to get rid of excess sugar), increased hunger (as cells are not getting enough glucose for energy), and increased thirst (due to dehydration from frequent urination). Hypoglycemia (choice
A) would present with low blood sugar symptoms, not high blood sugar symptoms. Huntington disease (choice
B) is a genetic disorder affecting the brain, not related to the symptoms described. Phenylketonuria (choice
D) is a metabolic disorder related to the inability to break down phenylalanine, not associated with the symptoms described.
Question 3 of 5
A sign specific to red blood cell destruction (hemolytic) anemia is:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Jaundice is the correct answer for red blood cell destruction anemia because it results from the breakdown of red blood cells, causing an increase in bilirubin levels. Jaundice presents as yellowing of the skin and eyes. Pica (eating non-food items), anorexia (loss of appetite), and tachycardia (rapid heart rate) are not specific signs of hemolytic anemia. Jaundice is a key indicator due to the excess bilirubin released from the destruction of red blood cells.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a school-age child who is postoperative and received morphine via IV bolus for pain 10 min ago. Which of the following findings is the nurse's priority?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Bradypnea. This is the priority finding because morphine, an opioid, can cause respiratory depression leading to bradypnea or slow breathing. Monitoring the child's respiratory status is crucial to prevent respiratory compromise or arrest. A: Constipation is a common side effect but not an immediate concern. B: Sedation is expected after receiving morphine but not as critical as respiratory depression. D: Euphoria is a possible side effect but not as concerning as respiratory depression. Thus, the priority is to monitor for signs of respiratory depression to ensure the child's safety.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is caring for a child with frostbite would expect the patient to display:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because blisters appearing 24 to 48 hours after rewarming is a common symptom of frostbite. This occurs due to damage to the blood vessels and tissues. A: Redness and swelling are more indicative of mild frostbite. C: Itching and burning are not typical symptoms of frostbite. D: Fever is not a common symptom of frostbite.