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ATI EW N300 Med Surg Exam Questions

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Question 1 of 5

When considering the pharmacologic management of a patient who has sustained a traumatic head injury, the nurse can anticipate an order for which of the following medications to manage increases in intracranial pressure (ICP)?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Hypertonic saline (3%) reduces ICP by drawing fluid from brain tissue into the bloodstream, effectively lowering intracranial pressure.

Question 2 of 5

A nurse is assessing a previously alert client who has now become confused, lethargic, and does not follow commands appropriately. The blood glucose measures 48 mg/dL. What is the appropriate nursing intervention?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Dextrose 50% IV push rapidly raises blood glucose in symptomatic, confused patients, bypassing the gastrointestinal tract for immediate action.

Question 3 of 5

The nurse is caring for several patients in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU). Which of the following patients is at the greatest risk of anoxic brain injury?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Prolonged submersion compromises oxygen delivery, leading to diffuse cerebral hypoxia, the primary cause of anoxic brain injury.

Question 4 of 5

A 64-year-old client is prescribed bifocals to correct myopia and presbyopia. To evaluate the effectiveness of the lenses, the nurse will assess the client for:

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Bifocals correct near and distant vision; effectiveness is assessed by improvements in both.

Question 5 of 5

The nurse recognizes that teaching a client to wash the hands after using the bathroom is an attempt to break the chain of infection between the:

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Handwashing interrupts the mode of transmission, preventing pathogens from reaching a portal of entry.

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A nurse is calculating the intake of a client during the past 9 hours. The client's intake includes: Lactated Ringer's IV at 150 mL/hr, cefazolin 2 g IV intermittent bolus in 100 mL of 0.9% sodium chloride, two units of packed RBCs of 275 mL and 250 mL, two IV bolus infusions of 250 mL of 0.9% sodium chloride, ranitidine 50 mg IV intermittent bolus in 50 mL of dextrose 5% in water. How many mL of intake should the nurse record?

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