ATI RN
RN ATI Pediatric Proctored Exam 2023 with NGN Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
When caring for a patient with Syndrome of inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone Secretion (SIADH), the nurse would expect her patient to exhibit the following clinical signs and symptoms (Select all that apply):
Correct Answer: A,B,C
Rationale:
Step-by-step rationale:
A: Fluid retention - In SIADH, there is excessive ADH secretion leading to water retention and dilutional hyponatremia.
B: Hypotonicity - Due to water retention, serum osmolality decreases leading to hypotonicity.
C: Anorexia - SIADH can cause nausea, vomiting, and anorexia due to hyponatremia and cerebral edema.
Incorrect choices:
D: Frequent urination - SIADH causes water retention, leading to decreased urine output, not frequent urination.
Question 2 of 5
Solumedrol 1.5mg/kg is ordered for a child weighing 74.8 pounds. Solumedrol is available as 125mg/2ml. How many ml must the nurse administer?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale:
To calculate the dose of Solumedrol, first convert the child's weight to kg: 74.8 lbs / 2.2 = 34 kg.
Then, calculate the dose: 1.5 mg/kg * 34 kg = 51 mg. Next, determine how many ml is needed: 51 mg / 125 mg/ml = 0.408 ml, which is rounded up to 0.82 ml.
Choice A is incorrect because it is too low.
Choice B is incorrect as it is much lower than the calculated dose.
Choice D is incorrect as it is also too low.
Question 3 of 5
A child being administered a new medication displays signs of an adverse drug reaction. The nurse would expect treatment of the reaction to include (Select all that apply):
Correct Answer: B,C,D
Rationale: The correct answer is B, C, and D. Discontinuing the drug is essential to stop the adverse reaction. Administering antihistamines helps manage symptoms like itching and hives. Corticosteroids can reduce inflammation and allergic responses caused by the reaction. Antibiotics (choice
A) are not indicated unless there is a specific infection requiring treatment. No other choices were provided, but it's crucial to focus on stopping the offending drug, managing symptoms, and addressing inflammation in the case of an adverse drug reaction.
Question 4 of 5
A child is admitted with possible coarctation of the aorta. The admitting nurse reviews the admitting orders for the child and should question which of the following orders?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because monitoring vital signs upon admission and then daily is inadequate for a child with possible coarctation of the aorta. Coarctation of the aorta can lead to significant changes in blood pressure and circulation. Close monitoring is crucial to detect any sudden changes that may indicate complications. Blood pressure should be monitored frequently, especially after any interventions or changes in condition. Regular monitoring of vital signs is essential for early detection of potential issues.
Choices A, B, and C are all important aspects of care for this child and should not be questioned.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is educating parents of a sickle cell patient regarding infection prevention. Which statement best indicates the parent understands the child's risk for infection?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. Children with sickle cell disease are at risk for infection due to impaired splenic function. This is because the spleen plays a crucial role in fighting infections, and individuals with sickle cell disease often have impaired splenic function, making them more susceptible to infections.
Explanation for other choices:
A: If the child has a fever, they need to stay home from school - While it is important for sickle cell patients to avoid exposure to infections, staying home from school only when the child has a fever does not address the overall risk of infection in these patients.
B: Antibiotics should be administered sparingly to prevent resistant infections in this population - While antibiotic resistance is a concern, the statement does not specifically address the child's risk for infection due to impaired splenic function.
D: If the child is showing signs of crisis, a cup of hot tea can prevent the red blood cells from clumping rapidly - This statement is incorrect as hot tea does not prevent