ATI RN
RN ATI Pediatric Proctored Exam 2023 with NGN Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
When assessing the child with atopic dermatitis, the nurse should ask the parents about a history of:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Asthma. Atopic dermatitis is commonly associated with other allergic conditions, such as asthma. Asking about a history of asthma can help identify potential triggers and comorbidities. Nephrosis, otitis media, and neurotoxicity are not typically associated with atopic dermatitis, making choices B, C, and D incorrect. Always focus on relevant factors to provide effective care.
Question 2 of 5
A 36 pound almost 3-year-old arrives to the ED with dehydration. The provider orders an IV fluid bolus, 15 ml/kg over 30 minutes. How many ml will the nurse administer?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: 246 ml.
To calculate the IV fluid bolus amount, first, we need to determine the child's weight in kilograms: 36 lbs ÷ 2.2 = 16.36 kg. Next, multiply the weight in kg by the ordered dose of 15 ml/kg: 16.36 kg x 15 ml/kg = 245.4 ml. Since it is recommended to round up in pediatric dosing, the nurse will administer 246 ml.
Choice A is incorrect as it underestimates the dose.
Choices C and D are incorrect as they overestimate the dose.
Question 3 of 5
While caring for a hospitalized child, which of the following signs would lead the nurse to suspect the child has diabetes insipidus?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Increased urination. Diabetes insipidus is characterized by excessive urination (polyuria) due to the inability of the kidneys to concentrate urine. This leads to a large volume of dilute urine being produced. The other options are not indicative of diabetes insipidus. Fruity breath (
B) is a sign of diabetic ketoacidosis, not diabetes insipidus. Weight gain (
C) is not a typical symptom of diabetes insipidus, as patients may even experience weight loss due to dehydration. Slurred speech (
D) is not directly related to diabetes insipidus.
Question 4 of 5
You are the nurse caring for a 3-year-old, 33-pound child on digoxin. The safe dose range for digoxin is 20-40 mcg/kg/day. The order is for digoxin to be given IV every 12 hours, what is the maximum safe single dose the child should receive?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: 300 mcg.
To determine the maximum safe single dose, we first need to calculate the total daily safe dose range for the child. The child's weight is 33 pounds, which is approximately 15 kg (1 kg = 2.2 lbs). The safe dose range is 20-40 mcg/kg/day, so for a 15 kg child, the total daily safe dose range would be 300-600 mcg/day. Since the medication is given every 12 hours, the maximum safe single dose would be half of the total daily dose, which is 300 mcg. This ensures that the child stays within the safe dose range for digoxin.
Choice B (600 mcg) exceeds the maximum daily safe dose, choice C (660 mcg) exceeds the daily safe dose range, and choice D (1320 mcg) is way above the safe dose range for the child's weight.
Question 5 of 5
A 15-year-old with type 1 diabetes mellitus presents with a fever and 48-hour history of vomiting. As the nurse, you note the child's breath has a fruity odour, his breathing is deep and rapid, and mom states he has become less arousable. You recognize these are the signs of:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DK
A). The fruity odor of breath, deep and rapid breathing (Kussmaul breathing), and altered mental status are classic signs of DKA. In DKA, the body produces excess ketones due to lack of insulin, leading to metabolic acidosis. Acute Hypoglycemia (
A) presents with low blood sugar levels, not high as in DKA. Hyperglycemia (
C) is a general term for high blood sugar without the specific ketone production seen in DKA. Polydipsia (
D) refers to excessive thirst, not the symptoms described in the scenario.