Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Blocks the chloride pump. Thiazide diuretics inhibit the sodium-chloride symporter in the distal convoluted tubule of the nephron, leading to increased excretion of sodium and chloride ions, resulting in diuresis.
Choice A is incorrect as thiazides do not block the sodium pump.
Choice C is incorrect as carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, not thiazides, block the carbonic anhydrase enzyme.
Choice D is incorrect as thiazides do not block the potassium pump.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Guaifenesin. Guaifenesin is an expectorant that works by increasing respiratory tract fluid output, reducing adhesiveness and surface tension of the mucus. This helps in loosening and thinning the mucus, making it easier to clear from the airways. Dextromethorphan (
B) is a cough suppressant, not an expectorant. Acetylcysteine (
C) is a mucolytic that reduces mucus thickness but does not directly enhance fluid output. Flunisolide (
D) is a corticosteroid used for inflammation, not mucus clearance.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Sympathetic stimulation of the respiratory system causes an increase in respiratory rate to enhance oxygen intake during fight or flight response. This is due to activation of sympathetic nerves that stimulate the respiratory muscles and increase the rate of breathing.
Choice A is incorrect as sympathetic stimulation typically increases, not decreases, the depth of respirations.
Choice B is incorrect because sympathetic stimulation does not directly affect lung perfusion.
Choice D is incorrect because sympathetic stimulation generally increases, rather than decreases, the respiratory rate.

Correct Answer: B,D

Rationale: The correct answers are B and D. For choice B, in unstable angina, the pain is often caused by a spasm of a blood vessel in addition to vessel narrowing, leading to reduced blood flow. This explanation is important for the patient to understand the multifactorial nature of their condition. For choice D, unstable angina is typically due to a serious narrowing of a coronary artery, resulting in reduced oxygen supply to the heart. This explanation helps the patient comprehend the underlying cause of their symptoms.

Choices A and C are incorrect as they do not accurately describe unstable angina.
Choice A suggests complete vessel occlusion, which is more characteristic of a heart attack.
Choice C simplifies the cause of the pain to just a lack of oxygen, omitting the role of vessel narrowing and spasm.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Reassure the patient that these side effects will decrease over time. Paroxetine is an antidepressant that commonly causes side effects such as headaches, nervousness, and poor appetite when first starting the medication. It is important for the nurse to educate the patient that these side effects are usually temporary and tend to improve as the body adjusts to the medication. Stopping the drug abruptly (choice
B) can lead to withdrawal symptoms and worsening of the patient's condition. Taking the medication with food (choice
C) may help with gastrointestinal side effects but will not address the reported symptoms. Discussing a lower dose with the provider (choice
D) may be considered if the side effects persist and are intolerable, but it is not the initial action to take in this scenario.