ATI RN
ATI Advanced Pharmacology Final Exam I Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
What is the action of ergotamine?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Decreases hyperperfusion of basilar artery vascular bed. Ergotamine is a vasoconstrictor that acts on serotonin receptors, reducing blood flow and decreasing hyperperfusion in the basilar artery. This helps in treating conditions like migraines by reducing the dilation of blood vessels.
Choice A is incorrect because ergotamine does not increase hypoperfusion, but rather decreases hyperperfusion.
Choice B is incorrect as ergotamine does not decrease hypoperfusion.
Choice C is incorrect since ergotamine does not increase hyperperfusion, rather it decreases it.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is preparing to care for a patient who has myasthenia gravis. The nurse will be alert to symptoms affecting which body system in the patient?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Respiratory and facial muscles. Myasthenia gravis is an autoimmune disorder that affects the neuromuscular junction, leading to muscle weakness and fatigue. Symptoms commonly affect muscles involved in breathing (respiratory) and facial expressions, such as difficulty swallowing, breathing, speaking, and facial drooping. Monitoring these systems is crucial as respiratory muscle weakness can lead to respiratory failure.
Choice A is incorrect because myasthenia gravis does not typically affect gastrointestinal or lower extremity muscles primarily.
Choice B is incorrect as the primary symptoms of myasthenia gravis do not involve the central nervous system but rather the neuromuscular junction.
Choice D is incorrect as myasthenia gravis does not directly impact the cardiovascular system or postural muscles.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse discovers a patient receiving warfarin is bleeding. What drug would the nurse prepare to counteract this drug?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Vitamin K. Vitamin K is the antidote for warfarin, an anticoagulant that inhibits vitamin K-dependent clotting factors. Administering Vitamin K helps replenish the depleted clotting factors, stopping the bleeding. Other choices are incorrect because: A (Vitamin E) does not directly counteract warfarin's mechanism of action, B (Protamine Sulfate) is used to reverse heparin's effects, not warfarin, and C (Calcium Gluconate) is used for calcium channel blocker toxicity, not warfarin-induced bleeding.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is teaching a group of parents about the use of syrup of ipecac. Which instruction will the nurse provide?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Do not administer ipecac without consulting a poison control center. This is because ipecac is no longer recommended for use in cases of poisoning. It can actually be harmful and may delay the use of more effective treatments. Consulting a poison control center is essential to get guidance on the appropriate course of action.
Choice A is incorrect because giving ipecac with milk is not recommended and does not increase its emetic effect.
Choice C is incorrect as ipecac syrup is the common form used, not the fluid extract.
Choice D is incorrect because the impact of emesis may not be immediate and can vary depending on the individual and the substance ingested.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is caring for a patient who is receiving a high dose of intravenous azithromycin to treat an infection. The patient is also taking acetaminophen for pain. The nurse should expect to review which lab value when monitoring for this drug side effect?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Liver enzymes. Azithromycin can cause liver toxicity as a side effect. Monitoring liver enzymes such as AST and ALT levels is crucial to detect any signs of liver damage. Acetaminophen is also metabolized in the liver, so combining it with azithromycin may increase the risk of liver injury. Checking liver enzymes helps the nurse assess the patient's liver function and adjust the medication regimen if necessary.
A: Complete blood count is not typically affected by azithromycin or acetaminophen.
B: Urinalysis is not relevant for monitoring liver toxicity.
C: Electrolytes are important but not specifically related to the side effects of azithromycin or acetaminophen in this scenario.