Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Clear, watery fluid with a pale yellow tint. Serous drainage from a JP drain is expected to be clear, watery, and pale yellow as it consists of serum from tissues. This type of drainage indicates normal wound healing.

Choice A is incorrect as bright red, bloody fluid would suggest active bleeding.

Choice B is incorrect as thick, green fluid would indicate infection or bile leakage.

Choice D is incorrect as milky, white fluid could be a sign of infection or lymphatic fluid leakage.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Justice in healthcare refers to fairness and equality in the distribution of resources and care. Option D, providing nonpharmacological pain interventions to each client equally, exemplifies justice because it ensures that all clients receive the same level of care regardless of individual factors. This approach promotes fairness and equal treatment among clients, aligning with the ethical principle of justice.

Option A does not specifically address justice but rather autonomy in decision-making. Option B focuses on beneficence, ensuring the client receives necessary pain relief. Option C relates to fidelity, fulfilling a promise made to the client. Option D stands out as the correct answer because it directly reflects the principle of justice by emphasizing equal access to care for all clients.

Correct Answer: A,C,E

Rationale: The correct tasks to delegate to assistive personnel (AP) are A, C, and E. A can be delegated because bathing a client with an amputation 2 days ago does not require specialized nursing skills. C can be delegated as feeding a client who had a stroke 3 months ago is a routine task that does not involve complex assessment or critical thinking. E can be delegated as assisting a client to ambulate using a gait belt is within the scope of practice for APs and does not require nursing judgment.

Choices B and D involve client education and require nursing expertise, so they should not be delegated to APs.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale:
Correct
Answer: B. Decreased muscle mass


Rationale:
1. Age-related musculoskeletal changes commonly involve a decrease in muscle mass due to factors such as decreased physical activity and hormonal changes.
2. This change can lead to decreased strength and functional ability in older adults.
3. Reduced chest width (
A) is not a typical age-related musculoskeletal change.
4. Thickened vertebral disks (
C) may occur with age but are not directly related to muscle changes.
5. Increased force of isometric contraction (
D) is not a consistent age-related change and can vary among individuals.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Provide the client with an electric toothbrush. This is the most appropriate action because it requires less manual dexterity and strength compared to a manual toothbrush, making it easier for the client with impaired upper extremity strength to use effectively. An electric toothbrush can provide thorough cleaning with minimal effort from the client.


Choice B is incorrect because alcohol-based mouthwash may be too harsh and drying for the client's oral tissues.
Choice C is incorrect as lemon-glycerin mouth swabs may not be suitable for the client and could potentially cause irritation.
Choice D is incorrect as using dental floss would require manual dexterity and strength that the client may not have.