ATI RN
ATI Fundamentals Exam Special Unit ADN Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The wound care nurse is monitoring a patient with a stage III pressure ulcer whose wound presents with healthy tissue. How should the nurse document this in the patient's medical record?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Healing Stage III Pressure Ulcer: Pressure ulcers are documented at their worst stage, even as they heal. The correct terminology includes 'healing' to show improvement. Stage I Pressure Ulcer: A Stage III pressure ulcer does not regress to a Stage I as it heals. It retains its original staging classification. Stage III Pressure Ulcer: While the ulcer was originally Stage III, documenting it this way without specifying healing progress does not accurately reflect its current condition. Healing Stage II Pressure Ulcer: A Stage III ulcer does not become a Stage II ulcer as it heals; instead, it is called a healing Stage III pressure ulcer.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is working in the intensive care unit and must obtain core temperatures on patients. Which sites can be used to obtain a core temperature? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: A,B,D,E
Rationale: Rectal: The rectal route provides a reliable measure of core body temperature because of its proximity to major blood vessels. Urinary Bladder: A temperature-sensing urinary catheter can provide continuous monitoring of core temperature, especially in critical care settings. Esophagus: Esophageal temperature monitoring is used in intubated patients and cardiac surgery patients to measure core temperature accurately. Pulmonary Artery: A pulmonary artery catheter (Swan-Ganz catheter) directly measures blood temperature from the heart, making it the most accurate core temperature measurement. Temporal Artery: While temporal artery thermometers are non-invasive and commonly used, they measure skin temperature, which is not a true core temperature.
Question 3 of 5
Convert from Fahrenheit to Celsius: 98.6
Correct Answer: 37
Rationale: Solution: (98.6 - 32) × 5/9 = 37°C. Answer: 37°C.
Question 4 of 5
A patient who has been taking antihypertensive drugs for a few months states that a new, persistent dry cough is very bothersome. The nurse knows that this cough is an adverse effect of which class of antihypertensive drugs?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors: ACE inhibitors (e.g., lisinopril, enalapril) can cause a persistent dry cough due to the accumulation of bradykinin, a substance that can irritate the airways. Calcium channel blocker: Calcium channel blockers (e.g., amlodipine, diltiazem) do not commonly cause a dry cough. They primarily work by relaxing blood vessels and reducing heart workload. Angiotensin II receptor blocker: ARBs (e.g., losartan, valsartan) do not typically cause a persistent cough. They are often prescribed instead of ACE inhibitors for patients who experience this side effect. Beta-blockers: Beta-blockers (e.g., metoprolol, propranolol) are not commonly associated with a dry cough. They mainly affect heart rate and blood pressure but can cause bronchospasms in some patients.
Question 5 of 5
A patient has been diagnosed with heart failure and cardiac output is decreased. Which formula can the nurse use to calculate cardiac output?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Stroke volume × heart rate: Cardiac Output (CO) = Stroke Volume (SV) × Heart Rate (HR). Stroke volume is the amount of blood pumped per beat, and heart rate is the number of beats per minute. Multiplying these values gives the total volume of blood pumped per minute, making this the correct formula. Myocardial contractility × myocardial blood flow: While myocardial contractility and blood flow affect cardiac output, they are not part of the formula for calculating it. Ventricular filling time/diastolic filling time: This ratio does not determine cardiac output. While diastolic filling time affects stroke volume, it is not the standard formula for cardiac output. Preload/afterload: Preload and afterload influence cardiac function but are not used to directly calculate cardiac output.