ATI RN
ATI Nur 270 Pediatrics GI Questions
Extract:
A 14-year-old male client with sickle cell anemia.
Question 1 of 4
The nurses reviewing triggers of sickle cell crisis with a 14-year-old male client with sickle cell anemia. Which statement by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: A,B,D,E
Rationale:
Correct
Answer: A, B, D, E
Rationale:
A: Washing hands frequently helps prevent infections, reducing the risk of triggering a sickle cell crisis.
B: Cold weather can cause vasoconstriction, leading to sickling of red blood cells and triggering a crisis.
D: Staying hydrated is important to prevent dehydration, a common trigger for sickle cell crisis, especially during sports.
E: Medication adherence is crucial in managing sickle cell anemia to prevent complications and crises.
Summary of Incorrect
Choices:
C: Restricting fluids during illness can lead to dehydration, which is a trigger for sickle cell crisis.
F: No information provided.
G: No information provided.
Extract:
A child who has iron deficiency anemia and a new prescription for ferrous sulfate tablets.
Question 2 of 4
A nurse in a pediatric clinic is caring for a child who has iron deficiency anemia and a new prescription for ferrous sulfate tablets. Which of the following instructions should the nurse provide the parents regarding administration of this medication?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Give with orange juice. Orange juice contains vitamin C, which enhances the absorption of iron from ferrous sulfate tablets. This improves the effectiveness of the medication in treating the child's iron deficiency anemia. Administering the tablets with orange juice helps the body absorb the iron more efficiently.
A: Administering at mealtimes does not specifically address the need for vitamin C to aid in iron absorption.
B: Giving with milk is not recommended as calcium in milk can inhibit iron absorption.
C: Administering at bedtime does not provide any benefit in terms of iron absorption.
Summary: The correct answer, giving with orange juice, helps optimize iron absorption. Administering with milk can hinder absorption, while mealtimes and bedtime do not directly impact iron absorption.
Extract:
A 3-day-old newborn infant who presented with abdominal distension and failure to pass meconium, diagnosed with congenital aganglionic megacolon (Hirschsprung's disease).
Question 3 of 4
The nurse is discussing the treatment of congenital aganglionic megacolon (Hirschsprungs disease) with the caregivers of a 3-day-old newborn infant who presented with abdominal distension and failure to pass meconium. Which statement is the best explanation of the treatment for this diagnosis?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. Congenital aganglionic megacolon (Hirschsprung's disease) is a condition where nerves in the colon are missing, leading to difficulty passing stool. The standard treatment is surgical removal of the affected portion of the colon to relieve the obstruction and improve bowel function. This surgery is essential for long-term management and to prevent complications like bowel perforation. Oral iron preparations (
B) are not the primary treatment for this condition, as anemia is a secondary consequence of the disease. Counseling (
C) may be beneficial for emotional support but is not the main treatment. Enemas (
D) may provide temporary relief but are not a definitive treatment for Hirschsprung's disease.
Extract:
A child with urticaria weighing 44 lbs (20 kg). The health care provider has prescribed diphenhydramine (Benadryl) 5 mg/kg/dose, supplied as 12.5 mg/5 ml.
Question 4 of 4
The health care provider has prescribed diphenhydramine (Benadryl) 5 mg/kg/dose for a child with urticaria weighing 44 lbs. (20 kg). Assume this is a safe dose. The medication is supplied as 12.5 mg/5 ml. How many milliliters will the nurse administer to the child for one dose? Record your answer using a whole number.
Correct Answer: 8 mL
Rationale:
To calculate the dose of diphenhydramine for the child, we first need to determine the weight-based dose. The child weighs 20 kg, and the prescribed dose is 5 mg/kg.
Therefore, the total dose for the child would be 20 kg * 5 mg/kg = 100 mg. Since the medication is supplied as 12.5 mg/5 ml, we can calculate the volume required by dividing the total dose by the concentration of the medication: 100 mg / 12.5 mg/5 ml = 8 ml.
Therefore, the correct answer is 8 mL.
Choice A: Incorrect. This choice is incorrect as it does not follow the correct calculation based on the weight of the child and the concentration of the medication.
Choices B-G: Irrelevant. These choices are incorrect as they do not provide a logical calculation based on the given information.
Extract:
A 12-year-old child receiving a blood transfusion after a motor vehicle crash, reporting trouble breathing 15 minutes after starting, with a temperature of 101.2°F (38.4°C) up from 98.8°F (37.1°C).
Question 5 of 4
The nurse is administering a blood transfusion to a 12-year-old child after a motor vehicle crash. About 15 minutes after beginning the transfusion, the child reports trouble breathing. The child's temperature is now 101.2°F (38.4°C) up from a baseline of 98.8°F (37.1°C). Which action would the nurse do next?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Stop the transfusion. The child's symptoms of trouble breathing and increased temperature suggest a possible transfusion reaction, such as transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI) or hemolytic reaction. Stopping the transfusion is crucial to prevent further harm to the child. Giving diphenhydramine would not address the underlying issue of a transfusion reaction. Checking the apical pulse or collecting a urine sample are not the immediate priorities in this situation.