ATI RN
ATI RN Pediatrics 2023 Questions
Extract:
Nurses' Notes 0915: Received the child awake, alert, and crying. Parent states that child was playing with remote control toy and when the parent heard the child crying, they noticed that a battery was missing from the toy. The parent states that the child was drooling more than usual and witnessed them gagging periodically. 0930: Child is lying on parent's chest with eyes open and requesting 'sippy cup.' Continues to have expiratory wheezing in bilateral upper lobes. Preparing child for diagnostic testing.
Question 1 of 5
The nurse should first ___
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Keep the child NPO. This is the priority because it ensures the child's safety before any other interventions. Keeping the child NPO helps prevent aspiration during any potential procedures or treatments. Obtaining informed consent (
A) is important but not the first step in this situation. Teaching the child's parents (
C) can wait until the child's immediate needs are addressed.
Extract:
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer an oral medication to a preschooler. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to encourage acceptance of the medication?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Provide an ice pop after administering the medication. Offering a reward such as an ice pop after taking the medication can positively reinforce the behavior of taking the medication. This can create a positive association with the medication and increase the likelihood of the preschooler accepting it in the future. Mixing the medication with the child's favorite food (
A) may not always work as the child may detect the medication and refuse to eat it. Diluting the medication with water (
B) may alter the taste and effectiveness of the medication. Giving milk with the medication (
D) may not be recommended as certain medications interact with dairy products.
Extract:
12-month-old infant up-to-date with current immunization schedule
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer recommended immunizations to a 12-month-old infant who is up-to-date with the current schedule. Which of the following immunizations should the nurse plan to administer? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: A,C
Rationale: The correct answers are A and C. Varicella (VAR) and Measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) are recommended immunizations for a 12-month-old infant. VAR protects against chickenpox and MMR protects against measles, mumps, and rubella. Both are part of the routine childhood immunization schedule.
Choice B, HPV4, is not typically administered at 12 months but rather later in adolescence.
Choice D, Rotavirus (RV), is usually given in early infancy, not at 12 months.
Choice E, Herpes zoster, is a vaccine for shingles, which is not routinely given to infants.
Extract:
6-month-old infant with gastroenteritis
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a 6-month-old infant who has gastroenteritis. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as a manifestation of severe dehydration?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Sunken anterior fontanel. Severe dehydration in infants can lead to a sunken anterior fontanel due to decreased fluid volume in the body. The fontanel is a soft spot on the baby's head where the skull bones haven't yet fused, and its sunken appearance indicates significant fluid loss. Other options (
A) Weight loss of 5%, (
C) Produces tears when crying, and (
D) Capillary refill time 3 seconds are important assessments in dehydration but are not specific to severe dehydration. Weight loss can occur in mild to moderate dehydration, tear production is not a reliable indicator of dehydration severity, and a capillary refill time of 3 seconds is within the normal range.
Therefore, the sunken anterior fontanel is the most indicative of severe dehydration in this scenario.
Extract:
Nurses' Notes 0730: Child presents to the emergency department (ED). Guardians report the child woke up coughing with a low-grade fever. Child appears alert and restless in guardian's arms. Respirations easy, no cough noted. 0800: Child became agitated. Hoarse cry noted with audible inspiratory stridor. Barking, non-productive cough present.
Question 5 of 5
For each of the following findings, click to specify if the finding is consistent with acute laryngotracheobronchitis or pneumonia.
| Finding | acute laryngotracheobronchitis | pneumonia |
|---|---|---|
| Temperature | ||
| Cough findings at 0800 | ||
| Irritability | ||
| Stridor |
Correct Answer: A: Acute laryngotracheobronchitis and Pneumonia, (B: C: D:) Acute laryngotracheobronchitis
Rationale:
To determine if a finding is consistent with acute laryngotracheobronchitis or pneumonia, we need to consider the common symptoms of each condition.
For temperature, both acute laryngotracheobronchitis and pneumonia can present with fever. So, indicates that temperature is consistent with both conditions.
Cough findings at 0800 are more indicative of pneumonia due to productive cough with purulent sputum, so (0, 1, 0) would not be consistent with acute laryngotracheobronchitis.
Irritability can be seen in both conditions due to respiratory distress, so (0, 0, 1) is consistent with both.
Stridor is a hallmark of acute laryngotracheobronchitis, making (0, 0, 1) consistent with acute laryngotracheobronchitis.
Therefore, the