ATI RN
ATI Med Surg Nursing 200 Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The nurse obtains the following arterial blood gas results on a client: pH 7.2, PaO2 88 mmHg, PaCO2 40 mmHg, HCO3 19 mEq/L. Which acid-base imbalance is the client experiencing?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Low pH (7.2) and low bicarbonate (19 mEq/L) indicate metabolic acidosis, likely due to acid accumulation or base loss.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse, who is assessing a client with peripheral vascular disease, notes that the client has no hair on the legs and has thick toenails. Which statement describes the cause of this finding?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Peripheral vascular disease reduces blood flow, leading to tissue ischemia, which causes hair loss and nail changes due to decreased oxygen delivery.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse should instruct a young female adult with sickle cell anemia to do which of the following? (Select all that apply)
Correct Answer: A,B
Rationale: Pregnancy and low-oxygen environments increase crisis risk, making A and B correct. Strenuous exercise, flying, and avoiding water are incorrect or harmful.
Question 4 of 5
A client reports weakness, dizziness, nausea and vomiting that has lasted for three days. The nurse's assessment reveals dry tongue and oral mucosa, and dark concentrated urine. Which additional assessment would best evaluate the client's fluid status?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Orthostatic blood pressure changes indicate fluid status, detecting hypovolemia in dehydration, unlike the other assessments.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse obtains the following arterial blood gas results on a client: pH 7.2, PaO2 88 mmHg, PaCO2 40 mmHg, HCO3 19 mEq/L. Which acid-base imbalance is the client experiencing?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Low pH (7.2) and low bicarbonate (19 mEq/L) indicate metabolic acidosis, likely due to acid accumulation or base loss.