ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology 215 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is to administer insulin to a diabetic client. The finger stick blood glucose is 128. The client has 4 units of insulin lispro scheduled with meals in addition to the following adjustments scale. How many units of insulin will the nurse administer?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: 4 units. Based on the information provided, the client has a blood glucose level of 128, which falls within the normal range (70-130 mg/dL). With a scheduled dose of 4 units of insulin lispro with meals, no additional adjustments are needed as the blood glucose level is within the target range. Administering the scheduled 4 units ensures proper glycemic control without risking hypoglycemia.
Choice A: 2 units - This would be too low of a dose given the client's blood glucose level and scheduled dose.
Choice B: 3 units - Similar to A, this would be insufficient to maintain glycemic control.
Choice D: 5 units - This would be excessive and could lead to hypoglycemia, as the client's blood glucose level is already within the target range.
Choosing the correct answer of 4 units ensures safe and effective management of the client's diabetes.
Question 2 of 5
A client is prescribed calcium carbonate for GERD. After reviewing the client's chart, which potential risk does the nurse identify for the client?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Hypercalcemia. Calcium carbonate is an antacid used to treat GERD, which contains high levels of calcium. Excessive calcium intake can lead to hypercalcemia, characterized by symptoms like nausea, vomiting, confusion, and muscle weakness. Hypercalcemia can also cause cardiac arrhythmias and kidney stones. Metabolic alkalosis (
B) is unlikely as calcium carbonate does not significantly affect pH levels. Hepatotoxicity (
C) is not a common side effect of calcium carbonate. Hyperphosphatemia (
D) is not a direct risk associated with calcium carbonate use for GERD.
Question 3 of 5
The physician orders psyllium for constipation. Which client situation would require the nurse to question this order?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D. Psyllium is a bulk-forming laxative that requires adequate swallowing ability and fluid intake to prevent esophageal obstruction. A client with recent stroke and difficulty swallowing is at risk for aspiration and choking with psyllium.
Choice A is incorrect because psyllium can be given to clients on bedrest.
Choice B is incorrect because pain medication does not interact negatively with psyllium.
Choice C is incorrect as a clear liquid diet can be compatible with psyllium.
Question 4 of 5
A client is prescribed milk of magnesia. After reviewing the client's lab results, which potential electrolyte imbalance is the nurse concerned about?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Hypermagnesemia. Milk of magnesia contains magnesium, so the client may develop elevated magnesium levels. Hypermagnesemia can lead to muscle weakness, confusion, and cardiac arrhythmias. Hyponatremia (
A) is low sodium, not related to milk of magnesia. Hypokalemia (
C) is low potassium, not directly affected by milk of magnesia. Hypercalcemia (
D) is high calcium, not typically caused by milk of magnesia.
Question 5 of 5
A patient has been administered famotidine. Which observation would suggest that the medication has not had its intended effect?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because famotidine is a medication that works by reducing stomach acid production. A stomach pH level of 5 indicates acidity, suggesting that the medication has not effectively reduced acid levels. A persistent cough (
A) is not directly related to famotidine's action. Denying a sour taste (
B) does not necessarily indicate the medication's ineffectiveness. Experiencing headaches (
D) is not a common side effect of famotidine.