ATI RN
ATI Pharmocology Exam Fletcher NRSG 106 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is reviewing the use of central nervous system stimulants. Which of these are indications for this class of drugs? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: A,C,E
Rationale: The correct answers are A, C, and E. A: ADHD is treated with CNS stimulants to improve focus and impulse control. C: Narcolepsy is managed with stimulants to reduce excessive daytime sleepiness. E: Obesity can be treated with stimulant medications to suppress appetite and increase metabolism. B: Panic attacks are not typically treated with stimulants but with anxiolytics. D: Neonatal apnea is a respiratory condition and not an indication for CNS stimulants.
Question 2 of 5
For dinner the client drank two 8 oz cups of coffee and had a 12 ounce soft drink at 2100. The client voided 4 times on your shift (100ml, 250mL 300ml, and 550mL). At 1700 the client had 100mL emesis. Calculate the intake from 1500 to 2300 when your shift ends. Round your answer to the nearest whole number.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: 28 oz.
To calculate the intake from 1500 to 2300, add up all the fluids consumed during this time period: 2 cups of coffee (16 oz) + 12 oz soft drink = 28 oz. The other choices are incorrect because they do not correctly add up the total intake. B: 24 oz is too low as it does not account for the 12 oz soft drink. C: 30 oz is too high as it overestimates the total intake. D: 26 oz is also too low as it does not include the 12 oz soft drink.
Therefore, A is the correct answer as it accurately calculates the total fluid intake.
Question 3 of 5
An adrenergic agonist is ordered for a patient in shock. The nurse will note that this drug has had its primary intended effect if which expected outcome occurs?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Increased cardiac output. In shock, there is inadequate tissue perfusion, leading to decreased cardiac output. An adrenergic agonist, by stimulating adrenergic receptors, can increase cardiac contractility and heart rate, improving cardiac output. This helps in restoring tissue perfusion.
Incorrect choices:
A: Decreased urine output is not the primary goal of using an adrenergic agonist in shock.
C: Volume restoration is important in shock management but not the primary effect of adrenergic agonists.
D: Reduced anxiety is not a physiological outcome of adrenergic agonists in shock.
Question 4 of 5
A patient has been taking ergotamine to relieve their migraines. Which of the following adverse effects would indicate to the nurse that the drug may have entered into toxic levels?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Delirium. Ergotamine toxicity can lead to central nervous system effects such as delirium due to its vasoconstrictive properties. Diarrhea (
A) is a common side effect of ergotamine but not indicative of toxic levels. Hypotension (
C) and bradycardia (
D) are more likely seen with ergotamine overdose rather than toxicity.
Question 5 of 5
A patient has been given a prescription for levodopa-carbidopa for a new diagnosis of Parkinson's disease. The patient asks the nurse, 'Why are there two drugs in this pill?' The nurse's best response reflects which fact?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Carbidopa prevents the breakdown of levodopa in the periphery. Levodopa is the precursor to dopamine, which is depleted in Parkinson's disease. However, levodopa is broken down in the periphery before it reaches the brain, where it is needed. Carbidopa inhibits the enzyme that breaks down levodopa in the periphery, allowing more levodopa to reach the brain and be converted to dopamine. This leads to better therapeutic effects with lower doses and fewer side effects.
Choices B, C, and D are incorrect.
Choice B is false because carbidopa is not a biologic precursor of dopamine, but rather it enhances the effectiveness of levodopa.
Choice C is incorrect because carbidopa does not allow for larger doses of levodopa; it allows for lower doses to be effective.
Choice D is incorrect because drug-food interactions exist with both levodopa alone and in combination therapy with carbidopa.