ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology Final Exam I Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is preparing to administer digoxin (Lanoxin) to a client experiencing atrial fibrillation. Which of the following electrolyte imbalances would the nurse assess to reduce the incidence of toxicity with digoxin?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hypokalemia, or low potassium levels, significantly increases the risk of digoxin toxicity. Potassium and digoxin compete for binding at the same sites in the heart, and low potassium levels enhance digoxin's effects, potentially leading to toxicity.
Question 2 of 5
A client diagnosed with allergic rhinitis is prescribed an antihistamine to assist with symptoms. Which of the following medications below would be considered a second-generation antihistamine?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Cetirizine (Zyrtec) is a second-generation antihistamine. Second-generation antihistamines are known for causing less sedation compared to first-generation antihistamines.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is administering an estrogen blocker to a client diagnosed with advanced breast cancer. Which of the following side effects will the nurse caution the client regarding?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Thromboembolic events are a well-known and significant risk associated with the use of estrogen blockers. These medications can increase the risk of blood clots, which can lead to serious conditions such as deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, or stroke. This is because estrogen has a protective effect on blood vessels and blood clotting, and blocking estrogen can disrupt this balance, increasing the propensity for clot formation.
Question 4 of 5
A 55-year-old woman who recently reached menopause and has a family history of osteoporosis is diagnosed with osteopenia following a dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). During your teaching, you should explain that:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Increasing calcium intake and engaging in weight-bearing exercises are well-established methods to slow calcium loss from bones and improve bone density.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client with swelling to the distal phalanges, first big toe, and 10/10 pain. Which medication below would be administered for this client's acute gout?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Colchicine is an anti-inflammatory medication specifically used to treat acute gout attacks. It works by reducing the inflammation caused by urate crystals in the joints, providing relief from pain and swelling.