ATI RN
RN ATI Pediatric Nursing 2023 with NGN Questions
Extract:
A nurse is caring for a 3-year-old child. Nurse's Notes: 0730: Child presents to the emergency department (ED). Guardians report the child woke up coughing with a low-grade fever. Child appears alert and restless in guardian's arms. Respirations easy, no cough noted. 0800: Child became agitated. Hoarse cry noted with audible inspiratory stridor. Barking, nonproductive cough present. Vital Signs: 0730: Tympanic Temperature: 38.1°C (100.6° F). Heart Rate: 95/min. Respiratory Rate: 20/min. Oxygen Saturation: 98% on room air. 0800: Tympanic Temperature: 38.2°C (100.1°F). Heart Rate: 112/min. Respiratory Rate: 24/min. Oxygen Saturation: 96% on room air.
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is planning care for the client. For each of the following findings, click to specify if the finding is consistent with acute laryngotracheobronchitis or pneumonia.
| Assessment finding | Acute Laryngotracheobronchitis | Pneumonia |
|---|---|---|
| Irritability | ||
| Cough (barking at times) | ||
| Stridor | ||
| Temperature |
Correct Answer: A,B,C
Rationale:
To determine if the finding is consistent with acute laryngotracheobronchitis or pneumonia, we need to consider the characteristic symptoms of each condition.
A: Irritability is a common symptom seen in both conditions due to respiratory distress.
B: Cough is specific to acute laryngotracheobronchitis, known as croup.
C: Stridor, a high-pitched sound on inspiration, is a hallmark of acute laryngotracheobronchitis.
D: Temperature is a non-specific symptom and can be present in both conditions.
Therefore, the correct answer is A, B, C as irritability, cough , and stridor are more indicative of acute laryngotracheobronchitis compared to pneumonia.
Extract:
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a newly admitted child who has cystic fibrosis. For which of the following members of the interprofessional team should the nurse initiate a referral?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Dietitian. For a child with cystic fibrosis, proper nutrition is crucial due to malabsorption issues. A dietitian can help create a personalized nutrition plan to ensure the child receives sufficient nutrients. Referring to a dietitian is essential to optimize the child's growth and overall health. Physical therapists (
B), speech-language pathologists (
C), and occupational therapists (
D) are important members of the team but are not the first priority for a child with cystic fibrosis. They may be needed later depending on the child's specific needs.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is evaluating the pain level of a toddler who is cognitively impaired to a nonpharmacologic intervention. Which of the following pain scales should the nurse use to evaluate the toddler's pain level?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: FLACC. This scale is suitable for evaluating pain in toddlers and individuals with cognitive impairments as it assesses Facial expression, Leg movement, Activity level, Cry, and Consolability. It is effective in capturing pain cues in nonverbal or limited verbal individuals. The other options, B: Visual Analog Scale, C: CRIES, and D: FACES, are not as appropriate for toddlers with cognitive impairments due to their reliance on self-reporting or limited applicability in this population. The FLACC scale is specifically designed to assess pain in nonverbal or cognitively impaired individuals, making it the most suitable choice in this scenario.
Extract:
A nurse in the emergency department is caring for a toddler. Nurse's Notes: 0915: Received the child awake, alert, and crying. Parent states that child was playing with remote control toy and when the parent heard the child crying, they noticed that a battery was missing from the toy. The parent states that the child was drooling more than usual and witnessed them gagging periodically. 0930: Child is lying on parent's chest with eyes open and requesting €˜sippy cup.' Continues to have wheezing in bilateral upper lobes. Preparing child for diagnostic testing. Vital Signs: 0915: Blood Pressure: 88/45 mm Hg. Heart Rate: 90/min. Respiratory Rate: 30/min. Axillary Temperature: 36.9°C (98.4°F). Oxygen Saturation: 96%. 0930: Blood Pressure: 85/46 mm Hg. Heart Rate: 88/min. Respiratory Rate: 28/min. Axillary Temperature: 36.9°C (98.4°F). Oxygen Saturation: 95%. Assessment: 0915: Child awake and sobbing, asking parent for €˜sippy cup' with excessive drooling and occasionally gagging. Breath sounds with small expiratory wheezing noted in bilateral upper lobes. Respirations slightly elevated as child continues to cry and sob. Oxygen saturation 96% on room air. Penlight used to inspect throat with no visual signs of foreign object. No visual objects in child's nose or ears upon inspection. Pupils equal, round, and reactive to light and accommodation. Abdomen soft and nontender with active bowel sounds in all four quadrants. Skin warm, pink, and smooth. Yellow urine noted in child's diaper. Provider notified of assessment findings. Laboratory Results: 0930: X-ray of the neck, chest, and abdomen completed. Barium radiography study identifies object in the esophagus. No foreign objects visualized in the chest or abdomen.
Question 4 of 5
Complete the following sentence using the list of options: 'The nurse should first select _____, followed by _____.'
Correct Answer: C,E
Rationale: The correct answer is C and E. First, keeping the child NPO is important to prevent complications during the flexible endoscopy procedure (E). This ensures the child's stomach is empty and reduces the risk of aspiration. Second, preparing the child for the procedure (E) is essential for their comfort and cooperation. Obtaining informed consent (
A) may be necessary but is not the first step in this scenario. Teaching parents about inspecting play areas (
B) and toys for safety, and monitoring the child's gag reflex (F) are important, but not the immediate priorities before a flexible endoscopy.
Extract:
A nurse is caring for a client who is postoperative following placement of a halo vest to manage a cervical vertebral fracture. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is postoperative following placement of a halo vest to manage a cervical vertebral fracture. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Reposition the client using a turning sheet. Repositioning the client using a turning sheet helps prevent skin breakdown and pressure ulcers, which are common risks associated with prolonged immobilization in a halo vest. Turning the client also promotes circulation and respiratory function.
Choice A is incorrect because tightening the screws on the halo device should be done by a healthcare provider as per specific instructions, not by the nurse.
Choice C is incorrect as encouraging flexion and extension of the neck can destabilize the cervical spine and interfere with the healing process.
Choice D is incorrect because assessing the pin sites for infection should be done daily, not every other day, to promptly detect and treat any signs of infection.