ATI RN
ATI Pediatrics Exam NURS 243 Spring 2014 Questions
Extract:
An 18-month-old toddler.
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is educating the parents of an 18-month-old toddler about safety and injury prevention. Which action by the parents best demonstrates their understanding of the child's safety needs?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Supervising the child in outdoor, fenced play areas. This demonstrates understanding of the child's safety needs by ensuring the child is in a controlled and secure environment, minimizing risks of injury. Fenced play areas provide a physical barrier to prevent the child from wandering off or accessing dangerous areas. This supervision is crucial for toddlers who are curious and prone to exploring.
Incorrect choices:
B: Allowing the child to cross the street with a 6-year-old sibling puts the toddler at risk as they may not have the cognitive ability to understand road safety.
C: Using an automobile booster seat with a lap belt is important for car safety, but it is not directly related to the toddler's immediate safety needs.
D: Teaching the child about swimming and water safety is beneficial, but not as critical as providing immediate supervision in a secure play area for an 18-month-old.
Extract:
An infant with a tracheoesophageal fistula scheduled for surgery.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for an infant with a tracheoesophageal fistula who is scheduled for surgery. What actions should the nurse anticipate taking in the pre-operative and intra-operative period?
Correct Answer: B,C,D,E
Rationale: The correct answer is B, C, D, and E.
B: Administering Famotidine prior to surgery helps reduce gastric acid secretion, decreasing the risk of aspiration during surgery.
C: Administering IV antibiotics prior to surgery reduces the risk of infection post-operatively.
D: Administering IV fluids during surgery maintains hydration and helps maintain blood pressure and perfusion.
E: Administering 100% oxygen via a non-rebreather mask during surgery ensures adequate oxygenation during the procedure.
Choice A is incorrect because enteral bolus feeds are contraindicated in the pre-operative period for a patient with a tracheoesophageal fistula.
Extract:
An infant admitted with dehydration.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is reviewing the intake and output record from the previous 8 hours for an infant admitted with dehydration. Based on the information in the chart, what does the nurse determine about this patient during the 8-hour shift?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
Rationale: The correct answer is A because dehydration is indicated by an imbalance between fluid intake and output. In an infant admitted with dehydration, the nurse would expect to see decreased urine output and increased concentration of urine on the intake and output record. This indicates that the patient is not adequately hydrated.
Summary:
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Choice B is incorrect because the patient is not improving as anticipated if dehydration is present.
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Choice C is incorrect as fluid volume excess would show increased urine output and diluted urine, which is opposite to the signs of dehydration.
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Choice D is incorrect as stable condition would not show signs of dehydration.
Extract:
An infant with a history of recurrent respiratory infections.
Question 4 of 5
The mother of an infant who has been treated for recurrent respiratory infections asks the nurse why infants are at increased risk for respiratory infections. What is the best response by the nurse?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. Infants have narrower airways, making them more prone to obstruction and trapping of organisms, leading to increased risk of respiratory infections. This physiological difference makes it easier for pathogens to become trapped and cause infection.
Choice A is incorrect as it does not address the anatomical differences in infants' airways.
Choice B is incorrect because the question does not focus on the size of the airways, but rather on their narrowness.
Choice D is incorrect as infants' faster respiratory rates do not directly contribute to increased risk of respiratory infections.
Extract:
An infant.
Question 5 of 5
When performing a physical assessment on an infant, the nurse understands that which of the following techniques will aid in the ability to complete the examination?
Correct Answer: A,C,D,E
Rationale:
Correct
Answer: A, C, D, E
Rationale:
A: Keeping the parents close by provides comfort and security to the infant, promoting relaxation and cooperation during the assessment.
C: Auscultating heart, lung, and bowel sounds first allows the nurse to assess vital functions before potentially upsetting the infant with more invasive procedures.
D: Smiling and using a gentle voice helps establish trust and rapport with the infant, reducing anxiety and promoting a positive experience.
E: Starting the assessment at the infant's head and progressing down allows for a systematic approach, reducing stress and ensuring a thorough examination.
Summary:
B: Expecting the infant's cooperation is unrealistic as infants may not understand or comply with instructions during assessments.
F: No information provided to assess the correctness of this option.
G: No information provided to assess the correctness of this option.