ATI RN
ATI Fundamentals Final Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is collecting equipment to administer a unit of packed red blood cells. Which IV fluid should be used to initiate the IV for this transfusion?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: When collecting equipment to administer a unit of packed red blood cells the nurse should use 250 mL of normal saline to initiate the IV for this transfusion. Normal saline (0.9% sodium chloride) is the only IV fluid compatible with blood transfusions as it prevents hemolysis or clotting of red blood cells. Dextrose solutions (options A and
C) can cause hemolysis and lactated Ringer’s solution (option
B) may cause clotting due to its calcium content. The duplicate option E is likely a formatting error but normal saline remains the correct choice.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is caring for a postpartum client who is receiving pain medication through an epidural catheter. Which assessment finding should the nurse report immediately to the physician?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The nurse should immediately report a respiratory rate of 8 to the physician. A normal adult respiratory rate is 12–20 breaths per minute and a rate of 8 indicates respiratory depression a potential side effect of epidural pain medication (e.g. opioids). This is a critical finding requiring prompt intervention to prevent respiratory failure. Blood pressure of 120/80 (
A) pain rating of 4 (
B) and pulse rate of 80 (
C) are within normal or acceptable ranges and do not require immediate reporting.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is scheduled for an elective surgical procedure. Which of the following actions should the nurse take regarding informed consent?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The nurse’s role in the informed consent process is to witness the client’s signature on the consent form verifying that the client is signing voluntarily and has been informed about the procedure. Explaining the procedure (
A) and risks and benefits (
D) is the responsibility of the physician performing the procedure and obtaining consent (
B) is also the physician’s role. The nurse may clarify information if the client has questions but witnessing the signature is the primary action.
Question 4 of 5
A client visits a health care facility reporting loss of appetite following a prolonged illness. How should the nurse document the client's condition?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The nurse should document the client’s condition as anorexia which refers to a loss of appetite or desire to eat. This accurately describes the client’s reported symptom following a prolonged illness. Emaciation (
B) refers to extreme weight loss cachexia (
C) is a wasting syndrome often associated with chronic illness and nausea (
D) involves a feeling of sickness none of which specifically address loss of appetite without additional symptoms.
Question 5 of 5
A client is prescribed a diuretic for swelling of the lower extremities. The nurse should teach the client about the effect of the medication on the client's urinary output.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A diuretic increases urine production by the kidneys helping to reduce swelling (edema) by removing excess fluid. The nurse should teach the client that the medication will increase urinary output leading to more frequent urination and higher urine volume. Changes in urine color or odor may occur but are not directly related to the diuretic's primary effect on output. Normal foot Foot with edema