ATI RN
ATI Med Surg N241 Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is collecting a health history of a client admitted for possible acute pancreatitis. Which health history item would increase the client's risk for this diagnosis?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Gallstones are a leading cause of acute pancreatitis as they can block the pancreatic duct. While inflammation of the duodenum can cause abdominal symptoms, it does not directly lead to acute pancreatitis. Diabetes results from the dysfunction of the pancreas after damage but does not cause acute pancreatitis. Hepatitis C affects the liver and does not directly cause pancreatitis.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is admitting a client who has acute pancreatitis. Which of the following provider prescriptions should the nurse anticipate?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Pancrelipase may be prescribed to aid in digestion in chronic pancreatitis but is not typically used in the acute phase. While ambulation may be encouraged as tolerated, it is not a specific prescription for acute pancreatitis. Pantoprazole, **C**. Pantoprazole, a proton pump inhibitor, is often prescribed in acute pancreatitis to reduce gastric acid secretion, thereby reducing pancreatic stimulation and promoting healing. In acute pancreatitis, dietary intake is typically restricted initially, often starting with nothing by mouth (NPO) and progressing to a clear liquid diet as tolerated; a low-residue diet is usually introduced at a later stage.
Question 3 of 5
While assessing the client with acute pancreatitis the nurse notes the following: skin warm and dry with inelastic turgor, hypoactive bowel sounds, nausea and vomiting for 24 hours, and amber-colored urine. Which action would the nurse take next?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Monitoring intake and output (I&O) is crucial for understanding the patient's fluid balance, especially after 24 hours of vomiting, which could lead to dehydration. However, it is important for fluid balance but not the immediate next step. Checking blood pressure can provide immediate information on the patient's hemodynamic status and potential hypovolemia due to fluid loss; thus, it should be assessed immediately. Assessing pain level is important for comfort, but stabilization of vital signs takes precedence. Measuring oxygen saturation is useful but less critical than assessing for potential hypotension due to dehydration.
Question 4 of 5
The client with acute pancreatitis asks why she is taking omeprazole. What is the nurse's best response?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Omeprazole is not primarily prescribed to enhance nutrient absorption; its main action is to reduce gastric acid secretion. Omeprazole does not specifically affect carbohydrate digestion. Omeprazole is a proton pump inhibitor that reduces the production of gastric acid, which can help alleviate symptoms and promote healing in acute pancreatitis. Omeprazole's primary action is not to reduce the risk of pancreatic infection; it is primarily used to decrease gastric acid production.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse notes these laboratory results for a client with cirrhosis: PT 20 seconds (11-12.5 sec) and serum ammonia 35 mcg/dL (15-45 mcg/dL). What action by the nurse would be a priority?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: While important, it is not directly related to the coagulopathy indicated by the prolonged PT. Important for overall fluid management but not directly related to the risk of bleeding. With a significantly prolonged PT, assessing for signs of gastrointestinal bleeding is a priority. Important for safety, but the immediate risk of bleeding due to coagulopathy takes precedence.