ATI RN
ATI Nurs285 Med Surg Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is caring for a patient with a long history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) who develops cor pulmonale. The nurse should monitor the patient for which expected finding if heart failure is present?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Peripheral edema is a key sign of right-sided heart failure in cor pulmonale, resulting from fluid accumulation due to impaired cardiac pumping.
Question 2 of 5
A client is admitted to the emergency room with an asthma attack. To decrease the client's dyspnea and anxiety, which of the following interventions will the nurse perform?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Staying with the client and encouraging pursed-lip breathing reduces anxiety and improves ventilation, alleviating dyspnea during an asthma attack.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who develops a pulmonary embolism. Which of the following interventions should the nurse implement first?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Administering oxygen therapy is the priority to address hypoxemia caused by pulmonary embolism, improving tissue oxygenation while other interventions are initiated.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is auscultating the breath sounds of a client who has asthma. When the client exhales, the nurse hears continuous high-pitched squeaking sounds. The nurse should document this as which of the following adventitious breath sounds?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Wheezes are high-pitched, continuous sounds heard primarily during expiration due to narrowed airways, characteristic of asthma. Rhonchi are low-pitched, stridor is inspiratory, and crackles are discontinuous.
Question 5 of 5
Unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) reports a client diagnosed with a fractured femur has 'fatty globules' floating in the urinal. Which intervention should the nurse implement first?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Assessing the client for dyspnea and altered mental status is the first priority because these are early indicators of fat embolism syndrome (FES), a serious complication of long bone fractures. Immediate assessment allows for early recognition and intervention to prevent further complications.