ATI RN
ATI Fundamentals Exam Special Unit ADN Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is caring for a patient who has experienced a laparoscopic appendectomy. For which type of healing will the nurse focus the care plan?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Primary Intention. In a laparoscopic appendectomy, primary intention healing is expected because the incisions are small and closed with sutures, promoting faster healing with minimal scarring. This type of healing involves the edges of the incision being close together, allowing for quicker tissue regeneration and reduced risk of infection. Partial-thickness repair (
B) involves healing of shallow wounds, not typically seen in appendectomy. Secondary intention (
C) is for wounds that are left open to heal from the inside out, which is not the case in this surgery. Tertiary intention (
D) is a delayed closure method used in contaminated or infected wounds, not appropriate for a clean procedure like an appendectomy.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is reviewing the electrocardiogram (ECG) results. Which portion of the conduction system does the nurse consider when evaluating the P wave?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: SA Node. The nurse evaluates the P wave to assess atrial depolarization, which is initiated by the SA Node. The SA Node is the natural pacemaker of the heart, generating an electrical impulse that spreads through the atria, causing them to contract. The P wave represents the depolarization of the atria on the ECG. The other choices are incorrect because:
A: AV Node is responsible for delaying the electrical impulse before passing it to the ventricles.
C: Purkinje Fibers are involved in the rapid conduction of the electrical impulse to the ventricles.
D: Bundle of HIS is part of the electrical conduction pathway between the atria and ventricles.
Question 3 of 5
A patient has been diagnosed with heart failure and cardiac output is decreased. Which formula can the nurse use to calculate cardiac output?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct formula to calculate cardiac output is stroke volume times the heart rate. Cardiac output is the amount of blood the heart pumps in one minute, which is calculated by multiplying the stroke volume (amount of blood pumped by the heart with each beat) by the heart rate (number of heart beats per minute). This formula takes into account both the volume of blood pumped and the frequency of beats, providing an accurate measurement of cardiac output.
Option A is incorrect because it does not directly calculate cardiac output. Option B is incorrect as it relates to ventricular filling time, not cardiac output. Option D is incorrect as it involves preload and afterload, which are factors affecting cardiac output but not the direct calculation.
Question 4 of 5
The patient requires temperatures to be taken every 2 hours. Which task will be the responsibility of the RN?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because assessing changes in body temperature falls under the RN's scope of practice, requiring clinical judgment and decision-making skills. RNs are trained to analyze temperature trends, identify abnormalities, and intervene if necessary.
Choice B is incorrect as it pertains to general knowledge and does not specifically address the task of temperature monitoring.
Choice C is incorrect as it only mentions obtaining measurements but does not involve interpreting or assessing the data.
Choice D is incorrect as it focuses on technical aspects rather than the critical thinking required for assessment.
Question 5 of 5
While performing an assessment, the nurse hears crackles in the patient's lung fields. The nurse also learns that the patient is sleeping on three pillows to help with the difficulty breathing during the night. Which condition will the nurse most likely observe written in the patient's medical record?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
Correct
Answer: A - Left-sided heart failure
Rationale:
1. Crackles in lung fields indicate fluid accumulation in the lungs, a common sign of heart failure.
2. Sleeping on multiple pillows helps alleviate difficulty breathing, a symptom of left-sided heart failure due to pulmonary congestion.
3. Left-sided heart failure typically presents with pulmonary symptoms such as crackles and orthopnea.
Summary:
- B: Myocardial ischemia typically presents with chest pain, not crackles in lung fields.
- C: Right-sided heart failure presents with systemic symptoms like peripheral edema and distended neck veins, not crackles in lung fields.
- D: Atrial fibrillation is an arrhythmia and may not directly cause crackles in lung fields.