ATI RN
ATI Med Surg Exam N300 Exam Day Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is caring for a patient in the acute care setting with a spinal cord injury (SCI) at the level of C-3. What is the main cause of complications or death related to this injury?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Respiratory compromise is the primary cause of complications or death in patients with a high cervical spine injury (C-3 and above) due to loss of innervation to the diaphragm and intercostal muscles, which impairs spontaneous breathing.
Question 2 of 5
Which statement made by a patient who is diagnosed with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and is prescribed three antiretroviral medications, indicates the need for further teaching about the medication combination?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Antiretroviral medications do not kill the virus; they suppress its replication. Lifelong adherence to antiretroviral therapy is necessary to manage HIV and prevent viral rebound.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is caring for a patient diagnosed with epilepsy who is prescribed antiepileptic medications. The nurse would identify the need for further teaching when the patient states:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Doubling up on doses can lead to toxicity and adverse effects; missed doses should not be made up by doubling the next dose. This response indicates the need for further teaching.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is caring for a patient with mitral valve disease. At which anatomic landmark will the nurse hear a heart murmur the loudest?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The fifth intercostal space at the left midclavicular line is the location of the mitral valve, where murmurs associated with mitral valve disease are best auscultated.
Question 5 of 5
A physician prescribes clindamycin 10 mg/kg/day IV in two divided doses for respiratory tract infection. The medication is supplied 150 mg/mL. The patient weighs 88 lbs. How much will the nurse administer per dose? (round to the nearest tenth)
Correct Answer: 1.3 mL
Rationale:
To calculate the dosage of clindamycin, first convert the patient's weight from pounds to kilograms (88 lbs / 2.2 = 40 kg). The prescribed dose is 10 mg/kg/day, so the patient requires 400 mg/day (10 mg/kg * 40 kg). Since the medication is administered in two divided doses, each dose is 200 mg. The medication is supplied at 150 mg/mL, so 200 mg / 150 mg/mL = 1.33 mL, rounded to 1.3 mL per dose.