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ATI n300 Med Surg Exam Questions

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Question 1 of 5

The nurse is caring for a client, with no other pertinent medical history, who was burned over 70% Total Body Surface Area (TBSA) and weighs 70kg. Using the Parkland Formula, calculate the amount of intravenous fluid required in the first 8 hours after the burn.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Using the Parkland Formula:
Total fluid requirement = 4 × 70 kg × 70% TBSA = 19,600 mL (total for 24 hours). Fluids in first 8 hours = 19,600 mL ÷ 2 = 9,800 mL.

Question 2 of 5

A patient is ordered 1 unit of packed red blood cells (250mL) to be transfused over 120 minutes. The drop factor on the tubing is 15 gtt/mL. At what rate should the nurse regulate the IV (gtt/min)? (round to the nearest whole number)

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Flow rate = (
Total volume × Drop factor) ÷ Time in minutes = (250 × 15) ÷ 120 = 31.25, rounded to 31 gtt/min.

Question 3 of 5

The nurse in the emergency department is caring for a client with multiple injuries following a motor vehicle crash. The client lost consciousness. has an open fracture of the left tibia, and active bleeding at the fracture site. What is the priority nursing action?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: In a trauma patient with loss of consciousness, cervical spine injury must be assumed. Immobilization prevents further damage while other interventions are performed.

Question 4 of 5

The nurse is testing the function of cranial nerve XI (Spinal accessory nerve). Which finding would the nurse expect if the nerve is intact?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Cranial nerve XI controls the sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles, enabling head turning and shoulder shrugging against resistance.

Question 5 of 5

The nurse caring for a client with severe sepsis suspects the client may be developing disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). Which of the following signs and symptoms would support the diagnosis of DIC?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Oozing blood from IV sites is a classic sign of DIC due to excessive clotting followed by bleeding.

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