ATI RN
ATI Nur 221 Med Surg Final Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client with hyperparathyroidism. Which of the following orders from the healthcare provider can be expected to reduce the client's overproduction of calcium? (Select all that apply)
Correct Answer: B,C,D
Rationale: A low calcium diet reduces intake, high fiber binds calcium, lowering absorption. Parathyroidectomy removes overactive glands, stopping excess PTH-driven calcium release. Furosemide increases renal calcium excretion. Calcium carbonate worsens hypercalcemia, and fluid restriction concentrates calcium, counterproductive.
Question 2 of 5
A client with chronic renal failure is asking the nurse why her hemoglobin and hematocrit counts are low. Which of the following is the nurse's best response?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Kidneys in chronic renal failure fail to produce erythropoietin, a hormone stimulating red blood cell production, causing anemia. Heparin prevents clotting, blood loss is minimal, and protein intake isn't the primary driver.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is receiving hand-off report. Which of the following clients would the nurse assess first?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Decreased breath sounds and crackles in pancreatitis signal pleural effusion or ARDS, a life-threatening priority. Low NG drainage , respiratory distress in ascites , and low BP in varices are less immediately critical.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client who has heart failure and a history of asthma. The nurse reviews the provider's orders and recognizes that clarification is needed for which of the following medications?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Carvedilol, a non-selective beta-blocker, risks bronchospasm in asthma. Fluticasone , captopril , and isosorbide are safe for asthma and heart failure.
Question 5 of 5
Which disease process has a manifestation of excessive production in mucus?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Bronchitis causes excess mucus from inflamed bronchial tubes. Emphysema involves alveolar damage, PAD affects arteries, and heart failure causes edema, not mucus.