ATI RN
ATI Nur 175 Med Surg Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client being prepared for a left total knee replacement surgery. The nurse is witnessing the surgeon obtain informed consent before the procedure. Which essential components must be present to obtain informed consent? (Select all that apply)
Correct Answer: A,B,C,D,E
Rationale:
Choice A reason: Informing the client when the procedure or treatment will be done is crucial for obtaining informed consent. This information helps the client understand the timeline and schedule for the procedure, which is essential for their planning and mental preparation. Knowing the exact date and time also allows the client to arrange for any necessary assistance or support they might need before and after the procedure.
Choice B reason: The purpose of the proposed treatment or procedure must be clearly explained to the client. This information helps the client understand why the procedure is necessary and what it aims to achieve. Providing a clear rationale for the treatment ensures that the client is fully aware of the medical reasons behind the procedure, which is a fundamental aspect of informed consent.
Choice C reason: The expected outcomes of the proposed treatment or procedure should be discussed with the client. This includes both the potential benefits and the goals of the treatment. By understanding the expected outcomes, the client can make an informed decision about whether to proceed with the procedure, weighing the potential benefits against the risks and alternatives.
Choice D reason: Identifying who will perform the treatment or procedure is an essential component of informed consent. The client has the right to know the qualifications and expertise of the healthcare professional who will be performing the procedure. This information helps build trust and ensures the client feels confident in the care they will receive.
Choice E reason: An explanation of the possible risks from the treatment or procedure is necessary for obtaining informed consent. Clients must be fully informed about the potential risks and complications associated with the procedure so that they can make an educated decision about whether to proceed. This transparency is critical for respecting the client's autonomy and ensuring they are fully aware of all aspects of their care.
Question 2 of 5
Which client is at the highest risk for the diagnosis of major depressive disorder?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Older, single women are at higher risk due to isolation and health issues.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is providing discharge teaching for a client who has a new prescription for home oxygen. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Adjusting the flow rate without guidance can cause oxygen toxicity or hypoxia.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is reviewing the medical records of four clients who have an acid-base imbalance. The nurse should recognize that which of the following clients is at risk for metabolic acidosis?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Diarrhea causes excessive bicarbonate loss, leading to metabolic acidosis.
Question 5 of 5
Which is the priority initial assessment for a patient who is admitted to the post anesthesia care unit (PACU) after surgery with general anesthesia?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Airway and breathing are prioritized due to the risk of respiratory depression post-anesthesia.