ATI RN
ATI RN Fundamentals Exam 2 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is auscultating the lungs of an adult client. The nurse hears low-pitched, soft breath sounds over the posterior lower lobes and inspiration that is longer than expiration. The nurse recognizes that these breath sounds are:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Vesicular breath sounds are low-pitched, soft sounds heard over most of the lungs during inspiration, longer on inspiration than expiration, and are considered normal in the peripheral lung fields like the posterior lower lobes. Bronchovesicular sounds (
Choice
A) are medium-pitched and typically heard over major bronchi, not peripheral lobes. Tracheal sounds (
Choice
B) are harsh and high-pitched, normal over the trachea but not in the lung periphery. Bronchial sounds (
Choice
D) are high-pitched and loud, normal over the trachea, but indicate abnormality if heard in peripheral lung fields.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is reviewing the anatomy and physiologic functioning of the heart. The nurse should recognize that which statement best describes the atrial kick?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The atrial kick refers to atrial contraction late in diastole, pushing additional blood into the ventricles before systole. It does not occur during systole, is not ventricular pressure, and is not typically felt as a palpitation.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is auscultating the lungs of an adult client. The nurse hears low-pitched, soft breath sounds over the posterior lower lobes and inspiration that is longer than expiration. The nurse recognizes that these breath sounds are:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Vesicular breath sounds are low-pitched, soft sounds heard over most of the lungs during inspiration, longer on inspiration than expiration, and are considered normal in the peripheral lung fields like the posterior lower lobes. Bronchovesicular sounds (
Choice
A) are medium-pitched and typically heard over major bronchi, not peripheral lobes. Tracheal sounds (
Choice
B) are harsh and high-pitched, normal over the trachea but not in the lung periphery. Bronchial sounds (
Choice
D) are high-pitched and loud, normal over the trachea, but indicate abnormality if heard in peripheral lung fields.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is completing an assessment on a client suspected of having a transient ischemic attack. Which of the following techniques should the nurse use to assess the client's carotid arteries?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Listening for bruits with the stethoscope diaphragm detects turbulent blood flow, indicating potential carotid stenosis, a risk factor for transient ischemic attack. Palpation and deep breaths are less specific for this assessment.
Question 5 of 5
A group of nursing students are studying the conduction system of the heart. The nursing students should recognize that the pacemaker of the heart is known as
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The sinoatrial (S
A) node is the heart's natural pacemaker, located in the right atrium. It generates electrical impulses that initiate each heartbeat and set the rhythm for the entire heart. This is a fundamental concept in cardiac physiology.