ATI RN
ATI Med Surg Exam N300 Exam Day Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is assessing a patient with a cochlear implant and notices that there is drainage, swelling, and tenderness behind the ear with the implant. What is the priority nursing intervention?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Obtaining a culture of the drainage is necessary to identify any infection and guide appropriate antibiotic treatment.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is caring for a patient with mitral valve disease. At which anatomic landmark will the nurse hear a heart murmur the loudest?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The fifth intercostal space at the left midclavicular line is the location of the mitral valve, where murmurs associated with mitral valve disease are best auscultated.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse teaching a patient who is diagnosed with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), would include which information regarding an activity that has the highest potential to spread the disease to relatives or friends in a household?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Sharing razors is a high-risk activity for transmitting HIV because it can involve direct blood-to-blood contact if the razor causes cuts.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is caring for a patient with an acute head injury. Which assessment finding would first alert the nurse that the patient is developing an increase in intracranial pressure (ICP)?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Altered mental status, such as confusion, restlessness, or lethargy, is often the earliest sign of increasing ICP as it reflects brain tissue compression.
Question 5 of 5
When considering the pharmacologic management of a patient who has sustained a traumatic head injury, the nurse can anticipate a prescription for which of the following medications to manage increases in intracranial pressure (ICP)?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Hypertonic saline (3% Normal Saline) is used to reduce intracranial pressure by drawing fluid out of the brain tissue and into the bloodstream, which can help prevent cerebral edema.