ATI RN
ATI Med Surg N241 Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is admitting a client with the diagnosis of hepatic encephalopathy. Which assessment finding should the nurse anticipate?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Bradycardia is not typically associated with hepatic encephalopathy. Asterixis is a characteristic finding in hepatic encephalopathy, known as 'flapping tremor,' indicating neuromuscular irritability due to elevated blood ammonia levels. Fever is not a common direct symptom of hepatic encephalopathy. Melena indicates gastrointestinal bleeding, which while possible in liver disease, is not specific to hepatic encephalopathy.
Question 2 of 5
Which question would the nurse ask to identify a risk factor for liver disease?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: While a high carbohydrate diet can contribute to fatty liver disease, it is less direct and specific compared to other risk factors. Heart disease is not directly linked to liver disease risk. Having a flu is unrelated to liver disease risk. Intravenous drug use is a known risk factor for hepatitis B and C, both of which can lead to liver disease.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is preparing a community presentation about hepatitis B virus (HBV). Which information should be included in the teaching session?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: HBV can be transmitted from an infected mother to her child during childbirth. The importance of screening and vaccination should be emphasized. While important for general health, this is not specifically related to the transmission of HBV, which is primarily spread through blood and bodily fluids. These are not typical symptoms of HBV; common symptoms include jaundice, fatigue, and abdominal pain. History of gallstones is not a risk factor for HBV.
Question 4 of 5
What does the nurse identify as a potential complication of chronic pancreatitis?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Chronic damage to the pancreas can lead to diabetes mellitus due to the destruction of insulin-producing cells. Jaundice is typically associated with liver disease, not directly linked with chronic pancreatitis. Ascites is a complication of liver disease, not typically a direct result of chronic pancreatitis. While steatorrhea is a symptom of chronic pancreatitis due to malabsorption of fats, it is not a complication but rather a direct effect of the enzyme insufficiency.
Question 5 of 5
A client with cirrhosis is scheduled to receive a third dose of lactulose (Cephulac) at 1800. Which current finding would cause the nurse to question administering this medication?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Breath with fecal odor could indicate hepatic encephalopathy, for which lactulose is indicated. Increasing confusion is a symptom of hepatic encephalopathy suggests a need for lactulose. Elevated ammonia levels indicate hepatic encephalopathy hence the need for lactulose. If the client already has diarrhea, additional doses of lactulose (which acts as a laxative) could exacerbate this condition and might need to be adjusted or halted based on clinical judgment.