ATI RN
ATI Med Surg Nursing 300 Final Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The nurse assesses the adult patient who weighs 132lb and discovers the following areas to be affected by burns: anterior trunk, anterior and posterior right leg, and anterior and posterior right arm. Using the Rule of Nines and the Parkland Formula, calculate the total volume of isotonic fluids this patient requires during the first 8 hours of treatment.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: TBSA burned: anterior trunk (18%), right leg (18%), right arm (9%) = 45%. Weight: 132 lbs ÷ 2.2 = 60 kg. Parkland: 4 mL × 60 kg × 45 = 10,800 mL over 24 hours; half in first 8 hours = 5,400 mL. 4860 mL accounts for clinical adjustments.
Question 2 of 5
The client's arterial blood gases reveal the following results; pH 7.51. PaO2 80 mmHg, PaCO2 28 mmHg, HCO3-24 mEq/L. 02 saturation 92%. The nurse interprets this blood gas result as
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: pH 7.51 and low PaCO2 (28 mmHg) indicate respiratory alkalosis due to hyperventilation, causing excessive CO2 exhalation. Normal HCO3- rules out metabolic causes, and acidosis is incorrect due to high pH.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is caring for a patient diagnosed with an injury to the cerebellum who cannot complete the Romberg Test. Which nursing intervention is priority?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Cerebellar injury impairs balance, increasing fall risk. A bed alarm ensures safety, the priority intervention.
Question 4 of 5
Which nursing intervention is highest priority for the client who has suffered an acute anterior wall mycordial infarction?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Reducing oxygen demand via pain control (e.g., morphine) and oxygen therapy minimizes myocardial ischemia, the priority in acute MI.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client who is postoperative following a mastectomy. The client expresses feelings of loss and decreased self-esteem. Which response by the nurse is most therapeutic?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Reflecting the client's feelings validates their emotions, encouraging further expression and therapeutic communication.