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ATI Nur 221 Med Surg unit 4 Exam Questions

Extract:


Question 1 of 5

The new post op client in PACU suddenly develops a temperature of 103 degrees F. What would you suspect?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Malignant hyperthermia is a life-threatening reaction to certain anesthetics, causing rapid muscle breakdown and severe hyperthermia.

Extract:

Medical history
Nursing notes
Vitals signs
Diagnostic testing
44-year-old male reports "not feeling well for the past 3 days. The client reports decreased appetite and generalized abdominal pain with nausea. Client denies any vomiting or diarrhea, the client has a history of Stage IV Chronic Kidney Disease, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and neuropathy. The client currently completed Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis four times a day. Client lives alone and has 4 cats and is non- compliant with health care visits and follow-ups.


Question 2 of 5

Select the top 5 client findings that require immediate follow-up

Abdomen rigid with decreased bowel sounds
Glucose 220mg/d
No dialysis for 24 hours
Crackles throughout the lungs
WBC 17,000 mm3
Hemoglobin 10g/dL
Potassium 7mEq/L

Correct Answer: A,C,D,E,G

Rationale: A rigid, tender abdomen suggests peritonitis, a life-threatening complication of peritoneal dialysis. Missing dialysis leads to toxin accumulation, hyperkalemia, and fluid overload. Crackles indicate pulmonary edema, requiring intervention to prevent respiratory failure. Leukocytosis suggests infection, possibly peritonitis. Severe hyperkalemia risks life-threatening cardiac arrhythmias.

Extract:


Question 3 of 5

What medication would the nurse prepare to give to reduce shivering in a hyperthermic client?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Shivering increases metabolic demand and body temperature. Diazepam (a benzodiazepine) is a muscle relaxant that helps control shivering in hyperthermic clients.

Question 4 of 5

A nurse is caring for a client who had a total thyroidectomy and a low serum calcium level of 7.4 mg/dL. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Hypocalcemia can occur after a total thyroidectomy due to accidental removal or damage to the parathyroid glands. Neuromuscular excitability, including paresthesia (numbness and tingling), tetany, and muscle spasms, are classic signs.

Question 5 of 5

A nurse is reviewing IV solutions to identify which solution falls under which category.

Correct Answer: A,B,C,D

Rationale: 0.45% Sodium Chloride is hypotonic, causing fluid to shift into cells. 0.9% Sodium Chloride and Lactated Ringers are isotonic, maintaining intravascular volume. Albumin is hypertonic, pulling fluid into the bloodstream.

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