ATI RN
RN ATI Pediatric Proctored Exam 2023 with NGN Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The expected finding of Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone Secretion (SIADH) include:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Low urine output & increased levels of antidiuretic hormone. In SIADH, there is an excessive release of antidiuretic hormone (ADH), leading to water retention and dilutional hyponatremia. This results in low urine output as the body retains water. Increased levels of ADH cause the kidneys to reabsorb more water, further contributing to low urine output. The other choices are incorrect because in SIADH, urine output is typically low, and ADH levels are elevated due to the dysregulation of the feedback mechanism that controls ADH release. Increased urine output and decreased levels of ADH (choice
C) would be more indicative of diabetes insipidus, a condition characterized by decreased ADH production or kidney insensitivity to ADH.
Question 2 of 5
A child admitted with extensive burns. The nurse notes that there are burns on the child's lips and singed nasal hairs. The nurse should suspect that the child has a(n):
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Inhalation injury. The presence of burns on the lips and singed nasal hairs indicate that the child has likely inhaled hot gases or smoke, which can cause damage to the respiratory tract. This is a common finding in cases of inhalation injury resulting from exposure to fire or smoke. Inhalation injury can lead to airway compromise, respiratory distress, and other serious complications. The other choices (A: Chemical burn, C: Electrical burn, D: Hot-water scald) do not specifically indicate damage to the respiratory tract, making them less likely in this scenario.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is preparing to perform a dressing change on a 6-year-old child with mild cognitive impairment (CI) who sustained a minor burn. Which strategy should the nurse use to prepare the child for this procedure?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Demonstrate a dressing change on a doll. This strategy is most appropriate because children with cognitive impairment often benefit from visual aids and hands-on experiences. By demonstrating the dressing change on a doll, the nurse can provide a clear and concrete example for the child to understand what will happen during the procedure. This approach can help reduce anxiety and fear by making the process more tangible and relatable for the child.
Other choices are incorrect:
A: Verbally explaining may not be as effective for a child with cognitive impairment who may struggle to understand complex verbal instructions.
B: Watching a video may be overwhelming or confusing for the child with cognitive impairment.
D: Explaining the importance of keeping the burn area clean is important but may not adequately prepare the child for the procedure itself.
Question 4 of 5
A sign specific to red blood cell destruction (hemolytic) anemia is:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Jaundice is the correct answer for red blood cell destruction anemia because it results from the breakdown of red blood cells, causing an increase in bilirubin levels. Jaundice presents as yellowing of the skin and eyes. Pica (eating non-food items), anorexia (loss of appetite), and tachycardia (rapid heart rate) are not specific signs of hemolytic anemia. Jaundice is a key indicator due to the excess bilirubin released from the destruction of red blood cells.
Question 5 of 5
After receiving a stem cell transplant, the patient develops a rash and diarrhea. This most likely indicates:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Graft Vs. Host disease. This occurs when donor immune cells attack the recipient's tissues, leading to symptoms like rash and diarrhea. Neutropenia (
A) is low neutrophil count, not typically causing rash and diarrhea. Radiation toxicity (
B) would cause different symptoms, not typically rash and diarrhea. Gastroenteritis (
C) typically presents with nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain, not necessarily rash.